RETRACTED: A dynamic relationship between renewable energy consumption, non-renewable energy consumption, economic growth and CO2 emissions: Evidence from Asian emerging economies

Abstract

This study aims to explore the relationship between renewable energy consumption, non-renewable energy consumption, carbon dioxide emissions and economic growth in China, India, Bangladesh, Japan, South Korea and Singapore using panel Augmented Mean Group (AMG) estimation techniques over the period 1975–2020. The results of the analysis show that renewable energy consumption, non-renewable energy consumption, employed labor force, and capital formation contribute significantly to long-run economic growth. The study also found that non-renewable energy consumption significantly increased long-term carbon emissions, while renewable energy consumption significantly reduced long-term carbon emissions. GDP and GDP3 have a significant positive impact on environmental degradation, while GDP2 has a significant negative impact on environmental degradation, thereby validating the N-type EKC hypothesis in selected emerging economies. The countrywise AMG strategy records no EKC in India and Bangladesh, an inverted U-shaped EKC in China and Singapore, and an N-shaped EKC in Japan and South Korea. Empirical evidence from the Dumitrescue-Hurlin (2012) panel causality test shows that there is a two-way causality between renewable energy consumption and economic growth, supporting the feedback hypothesis. Strategically, empirical evidence suggests that higher renewable energy is a viable strategy for addressing energy security and reducing carbon emissions to protect the environment and promote future economic growth in selected Asian countries.

Revolutionizing Environmental Sustainability: The Role of Renewable Energy Consumption and Environmental Technologies in OECD Countries

“…Similarly, the interplay between CO 2 emissions and GDP, trade, urbanization, and industrialization highlights the reciprocal influence of economic growth and environmental impact. Such dynamics align with the findings of research conducted by Huang and Yi [132], Zhang et al [133], and Song et al [134], which also observed significant interdependencies between these variables. These interactions underscore the critical need for policy interventions that consider the mutual impact of environmental and economic variables.…”

Assessment of low-carbon tourism development from multi-aspect analysis: a case study of the Yellow River Basin, China

“…This study further proves that this conclusion is still valid in the tourism industry of YRB. Long-term carbon emissions are greatly reduced by renewable energy use whereas they increase substantially by using energy that is not renewable 61 . Therefore, reducing the energy consumption intensity of TE or increasing the proportion of renewable energy are two effective ways to improve the quality of low-carbon tourism development.…”

Information technology, gender economic inclusion and environment sustainability in sub-Sahara Africa

“…However, the literature on this subject is somewhat ambiguous. On the one hand, some studies, citing the World Bank in particular, maintain that economic growth is beneficial to the environment because an increase in per capita income is supposed to contribute to an improvement in environmental quality (Zhang et al. , 2023).…”

“…However, the literature on this subject is somewhat ambiguous. On the one hand, some studies, citing the World Bank in particular, maintain that economic growth is beneficial to the environment because an increase in per capita income is supposed to contribute to an improvement in environmental quality (Zhang et al, 2023). On the other hand, it is also suggested that economic growth can be detrimental to the environment, particularly due to the higher levels of production and consumption associated with increased economic growth (Naseem et al, 2023;Ayhan et al, 2023).…”