RETRACTED: A systematic review of the ethical use of artificial intelligence (AI) in education

Abstract

AI technology, which is becoming more widespread day by day, also affects education and training processes. The use of AI tools in educational environments provides many benefits to teachers and students. However, the use of AI in education also raises some ethical concerns. The aim of this study was to reveal the ethical issues arising from the use of AI in educational environments. The words "education", "artificial intelligence (AI)" and "ethics" were searched for in Google Scholar, Eric, Taylor & Francis, Springer, PubMed, PsycINFO, Scopus, IEEE, intelligent learning systems (ILS), automatic feedback systems (AFS), automatic assessment systems (ASS), big data (BD), learning analytics (LA), and the “internet of things (IoT)”. Further searches were made by adding the keywords “wearable technologies (WT)”, “robot (R)” and “deep learning (DL)”. Eighteen of the 406 studies accessed during the research were included in the scope of the research. Studies that were conducted with an AI-supported system or that examined the ethical dimension of a possible educational intervention from the perspective of any study group/sample were included. Ethical issues arising in the studies were examined in the context of the ethical framework determined by Ryan and Stahl (2021). The general characteristics of the studies included in the scope of the research, research designs, technologies used and ethical issues that arise are presented. In the research, it was determined that seven principles were a matter of concern for teachers and students in the context of the ethical framework determined by Ryan and Stahl.