RETRACTED: An empirical analysis of the impact of higher education on economic growth: The case of China

Qi, Dawei; Ali, Arshad; Li, Tao; Chen, Yuan-Chun; Tan, Jiachao

doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2022.959026

Cited by 17 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 74 publications

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“…Following the studies of Ullah et al (2021) and Qi et al (2022) , the BDS test proposed by Brook et al (1996) can be used to explore non-linear dependencies in the proposed variable data. The BDS test is able to highlight model error specifications while being compared to other nonlinear tests and capture nonlinear properties that other tests ignore.…”

Section: Analysis Results and Interpretationmentioning

confidence: 99%

RETRACTED: An empirical analysis of the impact of gender inequality and sex ratios at birth on China’s economic growth

Wu¹,

Ali

Zhang

et al. 2022

Front. Psychol.

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The contribution of women to China’s economic growth and development cannot be overemphasized. Women play important social, economic, and productive roles in any economy. China remains one of the countries in the world with severe gender inequality and sex ratio at birth (SRB) imbalance. Severe gender inequality and disenfranchisement of girls with abnormally high sex ratios at birth reflect deep-rooted sexism and adversely affect girls’ development. For China to achieve economic growth, women should not be ignored and marginalized so that they can contribute to the country’s growth, but the sex ratio at birth needs to be lowered because only women can contribute to growth. Thus, this study empirically predicts an asymmetric relationship between gender inequality, sex ratio at birth and economic growth, using NARDL model over the period 1980–2020. The NARDL results show that increases in gender inequality and sex ratio at birth significantly reduce economic growth in both the short and long term, while reductions in gender inequality and sex ratio at birth significantly boost economic growth in both the short and long term. Moreover, the results show the significant contribution of female labor force participation and female education (secondary and higher education) to economic growth. However, infant mortality rate significantly reduced economic growth. Strategically, the study recommends equal opportunities for women in employment, education, health, economics, and politics to reduce gender disparities and thereby promote sustainable economic growth in China. Moreover, policymakers should introduce new population policy to stabilize the sex ratio at birth, thereby promoting China’s long-term economic growth.

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Section: Analysis Results and Interpretationmentioning

confidence: 99%

RETRACTED: An empirical analysis of the impact of gender inequality and sex ratios at birth on China’s economic growth

Wu¹,

Ali

Zhang

et al. 2022

Front. Psychol.

Self Cite

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“…The negative effect of HEDU on GRP is surprising and contradicts the human capital theory, which states that higher education level improves the skills and knowledge of workers, which in turn increases their productivity and income [5]. Additionally, this outcome differs from that of earlier studies that discovered a positive correlation between higher education and the boom in economy in China [12]. A possible explanation for this finding is that there may be a mismatch between the supply and demand of highly educated workers in the labor market.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 56%

Factor Study: Factors Influencing GRP in Various Provinces of China

Qin

2024

HBEM

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The development speed of China is evident throughout the world. However, the development speed within each province in China varies greatly. In order to explore the variables that would have an impact on the economy of various provinces in China, this paper examines the factors impacting GRP in various provinces by using a year-fixed effect model and official data from the China National Bureau of Statistics in 2017. Results indicate that household consumption expenditure, urban employment, and freight traffic are positively correlated with GRP. The above results provide a reference basis for subsequent research and policymakers. However, the number of higher education students has a negative impact on GRP, and this result needs to be further explored in subsequent research.

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“…Based on the findings of this paper, the main gaps and sources of inequality lie in higher education and highquality health care, which require increased future investment. It has been proven that investing in higher education would promote regional economic growth (Qi et al 2022;Valero and Van Reenen, 2019). Therefore, increasing investment in higher education could be a win-win situation for reducing inequality and promoting subsequent economic development in poor areas.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effects of China’s poverty eradication program on sustainability and inequality

Pan,

Shi,

Zhao

et al. 2024

Humanit Soc Sci Commun

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Poverty eradication is the first goal on the United Nations’ list of 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). However, the relationships between poverty eradication and the other SDGs remain unclear, and thus current knowledge is insufficient to support the synergized achievement of the SDGs. China eliminated extreme poverty in 2021, and thus in this study, we analyzed the variations in sustainability and equality related to the environment and the provision of public services in China during the poverty eradication program from 2010 to 2020. We combined statistical data, point of interest data, and environmental monitoring and remote sensing data to evaluate progress in China’s 832 poverty-stricken counties. The results showed that the mean values of environmental and public service sustainability indicators improved from 2010 to 2020. In addition, the mean Theil index value decreased from 0.46 to 0.35 during this period, implying a reduction in inequality. Inequality between poverty-stricken and non-poverty-stricken areas accounted for 9.3% of overall inequality among the counties in 2010, and this had decreased to 7.7% in 2020. However, unbalanced regional investment resulted in increased gaps between poverty-stricken and non-poverty-stricken counties in relation to education and health care. Overall, 15% of the population and 54.8% of the land area in poverty-stricken counties experienced both a loss of their advantage in terms of environmental quality compared with non-poverty-stricken counties and greater lags in the provision of public services. Linear estimation showed that investment in poverty-stricken counties should be increased by 226.2 and 72.0% in relation to education and health care, respectively, to eliminate these inequalities.

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RETRACTED: An empirical analysis of the impact of higher education on economic growth: The case of China

Cited by 17 publications

References 74 publications

RETRACTED: An empirical analysis of the impact of gender inequality and sex ratios at birth on China’s economic growth

RETRACTED: An empirical analysis of the impact of gender inequality and sex ratios at birth on China’s economic growth

Factor Study: Factors Influencing GRP in Various Provinces of China

The effects of China’s poverty eradication program on sustainability and inequality

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