[Retracted] Analysis of the Relationship between the Expression Level of TTR and APOH and Prognosis in Patients with Colorectal Cancer Metastasis Based on Bioinformatics

Lu, Youyi; Wang, Ying; Qiu, Yusong; Xuan, Wenjuan

doi:10.1155/2022/1121312

Cited by 6 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…APOH belongs to the apolipoprotein family, and its biological functions are primarily involved in the cholesterol transport and lipoprotein metabolism process. Recently, several studies found that APOH is a key hub gene in colorectal cancer liver metastasis [ 28 ], and colorectal cancer patients with metastasis with higher levels of APOH expression also had worse prognoses and survival [ 39 ]. Moreover, APOH can bind to lipopolysaccharide and activate NF-KB through TLR4 pathway, thus affecting the metastasis and invasion of tumor cells [ 39 ], which may be one of the potential mechanism of its involvement in tumor metastasis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recently, several studies found that APOH is a key hub gene in colorectal cancer liver metastasis [ 28 ], and colorectal cancer patients with metastasis with higher levels of APOH expression also had worse prognoses and survival [ 39 ]. Moreover, APOH can bind to lipopolysaccharide and activate NF-KB through TLR4 pathway, thus affecting the metastasis and invasion of tumor cells [ 39 ], which may be one of the potential mechanism of its involvement in tumor metastasis. However, the role of exosomal MUC5B, SELL and APOH in tumor metastasis has not been reported, and the mechanism of their involvement in tumor metastasis remains to be further explored.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Comparative proteomic profiling of plasma exosomes in lung cancer cases of liver and brain metastasis

Li,

Qu,

Liu

et al. 2023

Cell Biosci

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Background Metastases within liver or the brain are the most common causes of mortality from lung cancer (LC). Predicting liver or brain metastases before having evidence from imaging of the tumors is challenging but important for early patient intervention. According to mounting evidence, exosomes circulating within blood may facilitate cancer spread by transporting certain proteins for target cells. Methods Using liquid chromatography–MS/MS, we investigated the plasma exosomes’ proteomic profiles derived from 42 metastatic LC patients [16 solitary liver metastasis (LM), together with 26 solitary brain metastasis (BM)] and 25 local advanced (LA) lung cancer cases without metastasis, together with five healthy controls (HC), assessing the LM and BM pathogenesis and find potential novel organ-designated proteomic biomarkers. Using ELISA assay, we verified the expression levels of three plasma exosomal protein biomarkers in 110 LC patients, including 40 solitary LM, 32 solitary BM and 38 LA, and 25 HC. Results In total, 143 and 120 differentially expressed exosome-based proteins (DEEPs) were found to be dysregulated in LM and BM of lung cancer (LM-DEEPs, BM-DEEPs), compared for LA lung cancer samples, respectively. The bioinformatics analyses indicated the heterogeneity and homogeneity in LM-DEEPs and BM-DEEPs. They were primarily engaged within proteomic triggering cascade, ECM-receptor interaction, and the collagen-containing extracellular matrix. Regarding heterogeneity, LM-DEEPs primarily consisted of proteoglycans, lipoprotein, integrin, and heat shock protein, whereas the BM-DEEPs consisted of calcium-dependent/S100 proteins. Furthermore, small cell lung cancer (SCLC) and non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC)-plasma-stemming exosome proteomics showed heterogeneity, which helped to explain some of the differences between SCLC and NSCLC's metastatic features. We also found that SELL and MUC5B could be used as diagnostic markers of BM, while APOH, CD81, and CCT5 could help diagnose LM in LC patients. Additionally, we demonstrated in a validation cohort that MUC5B and SELL could serve as biomarkers for diagnosing BM, and APOH could be a novel potential diagnostic biomarker of LM. Conclusion We presented the comprehensive and comparative plasma-stemming exosomes’ proteomic profiles from cases of LC who had isolated liver and brain metastases for the first time. We also suggested several possible biomarkers and pathogenic pathways that might be a great starting point for future research on LC metastasis.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative proteomic profiling of plasma exosomes in lung cancer cases of liver and brain metastasis

Li,

Qu,

Liu

et al. 2023

Cell Biosci

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“…APOH also promotes progression in various cancers. For example, it was negatively related to prognosis in colorectal cancer (88) and hepatocellular carcinoma (89). In addition, APOH may be a promising non-invasive biomarker for renal cancer (90).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A metabolomic and proteomic study to elucidate the molecular mechanisms of immunotherapy resistance in patients with oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma

Gao

Chen

2023

Biomed Rep

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Systemic chemotherapy, the standard first-line treatment option for patients with advanced oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), results in a median survival of ~1 year. Immune checkpoint inhibitors are a breakthrough oncology treatment option; however, most patients with advanced OSCC develop primary and acquired resistance to programmed death receptor-1 (PD-1) monoclonal antibody, severely affecting their prognosis. Therefore, there is an urgent need to investigate the molecular mechanism underlying resistance to treatment. The present study aimed to explore the mechanism of resistance to PD-1 monoclonal antibody. Plasma samples were collected from patients with OSCC treated with immunotherapy, who achieved pathological response/partial response (CR/PR) or stable disease/progressive disease (SD/PD) after the fourth treatment cycle. TM-widely targeted metabolomics, widely targeted lipidomics, and DIA proteomics assays were performed. Differential metabolites were screened based on fold change (FC) ≥1.5 or ≤0.67 and a VIP ≥1; differential proteins were screened based on FC >1.5 or <0.67 and P<0.05. The identified metabolites were annotated and mapped using the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway databases. The differential proteins were annotated to the Gene Ontology and KEGG pathway databases. A correlation network diagram was drawn using differential expressed proteins and metabolites with (Pearson correlation coefficient) r>0.80 and P<0.05. Finally, 197 and 113 differential metabolites and proteins were screened, respectively, in patients with CR/PR and SD/PD groups. The KEGG enrichment analysis revealed that all of these metabolites and proteins were enriched in cholesterol metabolism and in the NF-κB and phospholipase D signalling pathways. The present study is the first to demonstrate that PD-1 inhibitor resistance may be attributed to cholesterol metabolism or NF-κB and phospholipase D signalling pathway activation. This finding suggests that targeting these signalling pathways may be a promising novel therapeutic approach in OSCC which may improve prognosis in patients undergoing immunotherapy.

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“…SCG2's high expression correlated with poor survival and advanced clinical stage (or subsequently right-sided colon) in CRC patients [54]. Similarly, TTR has been shown to have signi cantly lower expression in patients with mCRC compared to patients without mCRC, making it a potential indicator to evaluate the occurrence and prognosis of CRC [55]. DEFA5 and DEFA6, two notable genes, were upregulated in the left colon compared to the right colon, along with a few other genes.…”

Section: Non-preserved Modules Are Functionally Distinct Between the ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Single-cell transcriptomics reveals stage- and side-specificity of gene modules in colorectal cancer

Rahiminejad,

Mukund,

Maurya

et al. 2024

Preprint

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BACKGROUND: An understanding of mechanisms underlying colorectal cancer (CRC) development and progression is yet to be fully elucidated. This study aims to employ network theoretic approaches to analyse single cell transcriptomic data from CRC to better characterize its progression and sided-ness. METHODS: We utilized a recently published single-cell RNA sequencing data (GEO-GSE178341) and parsed the cell X gene data by stage and side (right and left colon). Using Weighted Gene Co-expression Network Analysis (WGCNA), we identified gene modules with varying preservation levels (weak or strong) of network topology between early (pT1) and late stages (pT234), and between right and left colons. Spearman’s rank correlation (ρ) was used to assess the similarity or dissimilarity in gene connectivity. RESULTS: Equalizing cell counts across different stages, we detected 13 modules for the early stage, two of which were non-preserved in late stages. Both non-preserved modules displayed distinct gene connectivity patterns between the early and late stages, characterized by low ρ values. One module predominately dealt with myeloid cells, with genes mostly enriched for cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction potentiallystimulating myeloid cells to participate in angiogenesis. The second module, representing a subset of epithelial cells, was mainly enriched for carbohydrate digestion and absorption, influencing the gut microenvironment through the breakdown of carbohydrates. In the comparison of left vs. right colons, two of 12 modules identified in the right colon were non-preserved in the left colon. One captured a small fraction of epithelial cells and was enriched for transcriptional misregulation in cancer, potentially impacting communication between epithelial cells and the tumor microenvironment. The other predominantly contained B cells with a crucial role in maintaining human gastrointestinal health and was enriched for B-cell receptor signalling pathway. CONCLUSIONS: We identified modules with topological and functional differences specific to cell types between the early and late stages, and between the right and left colons. This study enhances the understanding of roles played by different cell types at different stages and sides, providing valuable insights for future studies focused on the diagnosis and treatment of CRC.

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[Retracted] Analysis of the Relationship between the Expression Level of TTR and APOH and Prognosis in Patients with Colorectal Cancer Metastasis Based on Bioinformatics

Cited by 6 publications

References 26 publications

Comparative proteomic profiling of plasma exosomes in lung cancer cases of liver and brain metastasis

Comparative proteomic profiling of plasma exosomes in lung cancer cases of liver and brain metastasis

A metabolomic and proteomic study to elucidate the molecular mechanisms of immunotherapy resistance in patients with oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma

Single-cell transcriptomics reveals stage- and side-specificity of gene modules in colorectal cancer

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