RETRACTED ARTICLE: Anti-diabetic, anti-oxidant and anti-hyperlipidemic activities of Melastoma malabathricum Linn. leaves in streptozotocin induced diabetic rats

Abstract

BackgroundMelastoma malabathricum (MM) Linn leaves traditionally use in the treatment of diabetic conditions. The aim of the present investigation was to evaluate the antioxidant, antihyperlipidemic and antidiabetic activity of methanolic extract taken from Melastoma malabathricum Linn (Melastomaceae).MethodsThe methanolic leaves extract of MM Linn leaves used for the study. Chemical test of different extract, acute toxicity study and oral glucose test was performed. Diabetes was induced in rat by single intra-peritoneal injection of streptozotocin (55 mg/kg). The rats were divided into following groups: Group I – normal control, Group II (Vehicle) – diabetic control, Group III (STZ-toxic) – MM I (100 mg/kg, p.o.), Group IV – MM II (250 mg/kg, p.o.), Group V – MM III (500 mg/kg, p.o.), Group VI – glibenclamide (10 mg/kg, p.o.). Bodyweight of each rat in the different groups was recorded daily. Biochemical and antioxidant enzyme parameters were determined on day 28. Histology of different organ (heart, liver, kidney, and pancreas) was performed after sacrificing the rats with euthanasia.ResultsThe methanolic extract of MM did not show any acute toxicity up-to the dose of 2000 mg/kg and shown better glucose utilization in oral glucose tolerance test. Orally treatment of different doses of MM leaves extract decreased the level of serum glucose, glycated hemoglobin, glucose-6-phosphatase, fructose-1-6-biphosphate and increased the level of plasma insulin, hexokinase. MM treatment decreased liver malondialdehyde but increased the level of superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione peroxidase. In oral glucose tolerance test observed increased utilization of glucose. Streptozotocin induced diabetes groups rat treated with different doses of MM leaves extract and glibenclamide significantly increased the body weight. Histopathology analysis on different organ of STZ (streptozotocin) induced diabetic rat show there regenerative effect on the liver, kidney, heart and pancreas.ConclusionThe antioxidant, antihyperlipidemic and antidiabetic effect of methanolic extract from Melastoma malabathricum Linn suggests a potential therapeutic treatment to antidiabetic conditions.

Antioxidant Effects of Biochanin A in Streptozotocin Induced Diabetic Rats

“…Although the activities of these enzymes increased significantly in the liver and kidney of diabetic rats (27) . The streptozocin-induced diabetic rats significantly lost weight compared to control rats (28) . Sever weight loss of diabetic rats is related to defect in glucose metabolism and excessive breakdown of tissue proteins.…”

Evaluation of Antidiabetic Activity of Hydroalcoholic Extract of Cassia fistula Linn. pod in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats

“…Oral glucose tolerance test is well accepted and frequently used assay to screen anti hyper glycemic activity of any drug 62 and also to identity the altered carbohydrate metabolism during post glucose administration. 53 The results of oral glucose tolerance test suggest that rats treated with C. fistula pod extract (500 mg/kg b.wt) have better glucose utilization capacity. This action could be due to enhanced insulin secretion from the beta cells, improved glucose utilization and transport.…”

“…These results are parallel with the previous findings where similar decline in glycogen contents in liver was observed in diabetic animals. 38,47,53 When diabetic rats were treated with different doses of C. fistula pod extract, a significant dose dependent increase in hepatic glycogen reserve was observed indicating enhanced rate of glycogenesis probably by virtue of insulin secretagogue or insulin mimetic activity of the extract which may enhance uptake of glucose in hepatic cells or by forcing the activities of enzymes that are involved in glycogen synthesis. These results are in agreement with previous studies which have also shown significant increase in glycogen content of liver after treatment of STZ-induced diabetic rats with C. fistula leaves 38,54 and bark extract.…”

“…These results are parallel with other reports which have also observed depletion of plasma insulin level and significant elevation in fasting blood glucose level in streptozotocin treated diabetic rats. 34,35,47,53 Administration of glibenclamide or C. fistula pod extract at different doses for 60 days in STZ-induced diabetic rats showed significant reduction in the fasting blood glucose levels. These results are parallel with previous reports which have also showed a significant decline in blood glucose levels of diabetic rats after treatment with extract of C. fistula fruit pulp, 42 leaves, 38,54 bark, 34,35 flowers, 40,41 and root.…”

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“…These phytochemical constituents might be increasing either the pancreatic secretion of insulin from β-cells of islets of Langerhans or increased peripheral utilization of glucose 13,14 .…”