RETRACTED: CRNDE Promotes Malignant Progression of Glioma by Attenuating miR-384/PIWIL4/STAT3 Axis

Abstract

Colorectal neoplasia differentially expressed (CRNDE) is the most upregulated long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) in glioma. Herein, the function and potential molecular mechanisms of CRNDE and miR-384 were illustrated in glioma cells. CRNDE overexpression facilitated cell proliferation, migration, and invasion, while inhibited glioma cells apoptosis. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) demonstrated that miR-384 was downregulated in human glioma tissues and glioma cell lines. Moreover, restoration of miR-384 exerted tumor-suppressive functions. In addition, the expression of miR-384 was negatively correlated with CRNDE expression. A binding region between CRNDE and miR-384 was confirmed using luciferase assays. Moreover, CRNDE promoted cell malignant behavior by decreasing miR-384 expression. At the molecular level, treatment by CRNDE knockdown or miR-384 overexpression resulted in a decrease of piwi-like RNA-mediated gene silencing 4 (PIWIL4) protein. Besides, PIWIL4 was identified as a target of miR-384 and plays an oncogenic role in glioma. Similarly, downstream proteins of PIWIL4 such as STAT3, cyclin D1, VEGFA, SLUG, MMP-9, caspase 3, Bcl-2, and bcl-xL were modulated when treated with miR-384 and PIWIL4. Remarkably, CRNDE knockdown combined with miR-384 overexpression led to tumor regression in vivo. Overall, these results depicted a novel pathway mediated by CRNDE in glioma, which may be a potential application for glioma therapy.

Long noncoding RNA colorectal neoplasia differentially expressed alleviates sepsis‐induced liver injury via regulating miR‐126‐5p

“…Determination of the mechanism of lncRNA in sepsis may be helpful to discover novel therapeutic targets. Colorectal neoplasia differentially expressed (CRNDE) is an lncRNA, differentially expressed in colorectal tumors, and its aberrant expression in multiple cancers has been validated in accumulating reports as well . It is worth noting that abnormally expressed CRNDE is linked to inflammatory response and apoptosis.…”

Long noncoding RNA <em>CRNDE</em> functions as a competing endogenous RNA to promote metastasis and oxaliplatin resistance by sponging miR-136 in colorectal cancer

“…The expression of CRNDE is highly elevated in colorectal adenomas and carcinomas. CRNDE is the gene symbol or colorectal neoplasia differentially expressed, a novel gene the expression of which is highly elevated in colorectal adenomas and carcinomas (data from UCSC Genome Browser) 10. Growing evidence has indicated that CRNDE acts through epigenetic mechanisms to regulate cell differentiation/pluripotency, which may relate to its deregulation in cancer.…”

“…CRNDE expression is significantly upregulated in many cancers, including colorectal cancer and gliomas. Elevation in CRNDE expression has been shown to promote cell proliferation, migration and invasion while inhibiting apoptosis of glioma cells 10. Collective evidence has indicated that CRNDE is associated with adverse clinical characteristics and poor prognosis by regulating miRNAs in many solid tumors 11,12.…”

LncRNA‐ATB: An indispensable cancer‐related long noncoding RNA

“…Glioma is the most lethal primary central nervous system tumour, leading to significant mortality worldwide annually . Ma et al reported that lncRNA‐ATB expression was significantly increased in glioma tissues and cell lines compared with that in normal brain tissues and was associated with poor outcomes in glioma patients.…”