[Retracted] Differential Evolution Algorithm with Diversified Vicinity Operator for Optimal Routing and Clustering of Energy Efficient Wireless Sensor Networks

Abstract

Due to large dimension of clusters and increasing size of sensor nodes, finding the optimal route and cluster for large wireless sensor networks (WSN) seems to be highly complex and cumbersome. This paper proposes a new method to determine a reasonably better solution of the clustering and routing problem with the highest concern of efficient energy consumption of the sensor nodes for extending network life time. The proposed method is based on the Differential Evolution (DE) algorithm with an improvised search operator called Diversified Vicinity Procedure (DVP), which models a trade-off between energy consumption of the cluster heads and delay in forwarding the data packets. The obtained route using the proposed method from all the gateways to the base station is comparatively lesser in overall distance with less number of data forwards. Extensive numerical experiments demonstrate the superiority of the proposed method in managing energy consumption of the WSN and the results are compared with the other algorithms reported in the literature.

Differential Evolution in Wireless Communications: A Review

“…Clustering ensures that data is transmitted in hierarchical order and reduces into distinct groups which helps to improve power utilization. DE has been used in clusters optimisation and an effective energy optimisation strategy [116] which guarantees network longevity [117] and optimum packet delivery ratio [118]. A hybrid of DE and simulated annealing has been used as clustering algorithm and it achieves the set goals of efficient energy utilization by reduction of loss of cluster heads and sustaining network lifetime [119].…”

Retracted: Differential Evolution Algorithm with Diversified Vicinity Operator for Optimal Routing and Clustering of Energy Efficient Wireless Sensor Networks

“…The Scientific World Journal has retracted the article titled “Differential Evolution Algorithm with Diversified Vicinity Operator for Optimal Routing and Clustering of Energy Efficient Wireless Sensor Networks” [ 1 ]. After conducting a thorough investigation, we have strong reason to believe that the peer review process was compromised.…”