RETRACTED: Effects of nanometer-sized silver materials on survival response of Caspian roach (Rutilus rutilus caspicus)

Abstract

The aim of this study was to investigate the acute effects of nanosilver as potentially dangerous additives to assess the mortality effects of this nanotechnology product on one of the valuable and important species of Caspian Sea. We compared the toxicity of different sized silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) which are being widely used with Iranian consumers due to its unique antimicrobial activity. Ecotoxic assessments of AgNPs from two Iranian companies of nanotechnology (Nanocid1: average particle size of 18 nm and Nanosil1: average particle size of < 100 nm) and silver salt (AgSO 4) were conducted on the Caspian roach (Rutilus rutilus caspicus). Fish were exposed to technical doses of Nanocid (0, 0.01, 0.1, 0.5, 1, 2.5 and 5 ppm), nominal doses of Nanosil (0, 0.2, 2, 20, 50, 100 and 200 ppm) and technical doses of silver sulfate (0, 0.001, 0.01, 0.1, 0.5, 1 and 2 ppm). The median lethal concentration (LC 50) was determined with probite analysis. The estimated 96-h LC 50 values (95% confidence limits) for Nanocid, Nanosil and silver salt were 0.