[Retracted] Effects of the FR 4 Substrate Realized in a Circularly Polarized UHF‐RFID Reader Antenna with Fractal Geometry for Enhancing Parameters

Abstract

The proposed RFID reader antenna progressed with perfect electric conductor (PEC) as the radiating element and FR 4 as the substrate to achieve circular polarization, enhancement in bandwidth, and read range. The design presents a CPW feed RFID antenna for near-field reading applications, between the range of 903 MHz to 929 MHz. The operating frequency of the proposed design is 900 MHz, axial ratio of the model is less than 3 dB, impedance bandwidth is 256 MHz, and axial bandwidth is 36 MHz, proving to be adequate for near-field RFID reader applications such as item-level tagging and smart shelf. The proposed antenna model is realized with fractal structure to achieve miniaturization. The developed antenna is optimized using EM software for numerical analysis. The designed antenna is fabricated, and the prototype is characterized in terms of dielectric constant and loss tangent. The obtained results indicate high correlation with simulation results.

Ultra-wideband Quad Element MIMO Antenna on a Flexible Substrate for 5G and Wearable Applications

“…FR4 sheets are electrical insulators with high dielectric strength and high strength-to-weight ratio. This material is also known to have good relative temperature resistance and can perform well in most environmental conditions [18].…”

Retracted: Effects of the FR 4 Substrate Realized in a Circularly Polarized UHF-RFID Reader Antenna with Fractal Geometry for Enhancing Parameters

“…Tis article has been retracted by Hindawi, as publisher, following an investigation undertaken by the publisher [1]. Tis investigation has uncovered evidence of systematic manipulation of the publication and peer-review process.…”