RETRACTED: Heterogeneity of biochar amendment to improve the carbon and nitrogen sequestration through reduce the greenhouse gases emissions during sewage sludge composting

Awasthi, Mukesh Kumar; Wang, Meijing; Chen, Hongyu; Wang, Quan; Zhao, Junchao; Ren, Xiuna; Li, Dong‐Sheng; Awasthi, Sanjeev Kumar; Shen, Feng; Li, Ronghua; Zhang, Zengqiang

doi:10.1016/j.biortech.2016.11.014

Cited by 253 publications

(66 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Thereafter, the N 2 O emissions decreased gradually and remained at a low level until the end of composting. This emission trend was also reported in previous studies (Awasthi et al, 2017a; Mao et al, 2017). Mao et al (2017) also observed that N 2 O emissions were mainly emitted in the thermophilic phase when apple pomace was added during composting.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 91%

Adding Phosphate Fertilizer and Apple Waste to Pig Manure during Composting Mitigates Nitrogen Gas Emissions and Improves Compost Quality

Jiang

Kang²,

Yan

et al. 2019

J of Env Quality

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Calcium superphosphate and apple (Malus pumila Mill.) waste can be used for controlling N loss and improving compost quality during composting, whereas integrated addition of the two additives on composting process remains unexplored. Therefore, this study was conducted to investigate the effects of combined use of calcium superphosphate and apple waste on NH3 and N2O emissions and compost quality during pig manure and wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) straw composting. Mixtures of pig manure and wheat straw were combined with 6% phosphate fertilizer (PF), 15% apple waste (AW), 3% phosphate fertilizer + 7.5% apple waste (PA1), or 1.8% phosphate fertilizer + 10.5% apple waste (PA2) based on dry weight of the initial mixtures; a treatment with no additives served as a control (CK). The PF treatment took 3 d longer to reach thermophilic phase than the CK, PA1, and PA2 treatments. The treatments of PF and PA1 reduced NH3 and N2O emissions by 67 and 45%, respectively. Moreover, N loss in PF and PA1 treatments (31.8 and 30.1%, respectively) was significantly less than in the CK. A pot experiment showed that application of the compost with PA1 treatment could increase plant height and dried biomass of Chinese pakchoi (Brassica campestris L. ssp.). We recommend adding 3% phosphate fertilizer and 7.5% apple waste to pig manure during composting. Core Ideas Effect of phosphate fertilizer (PF) and apple waste (AW) on N conversion was studied. Combination of 3% PF and 7.5% AW is more beneficial for composting. Using 3% PF and 7.5% AW reduced NH3 and N2O by 67% and 40% during composting. The compost of 3% PF and 7.5% AW improved plant height and dried biomass.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 91%

Adding Phosphate Fertilizer and Apple Waste to Pig Manure during Composting Mitigates Nitrogen Gas Emissions and Improves Compost Quality

Jiang

Kang²,

Yan

et al. 2019

J of Env Quality

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“…They have many special properties, including high pH, large carbon content and adsorption capacity (Cantrell, Hunt, Uchimiya, Novak, & Ro, ; Mukome, Zhang, Silva, Six, & Parikh, ; Singh, Singh, & Cowie, ). These properties make it suitable for reducing soil acidification, increasing plant nutrients and enhancing soil carbon sequestration (Awasthi et al, ; Shen, Zhang, Jin, McMillan, & Al‐Tabbaa, ; Yu et al, ). The large porosity is another important and attractive property of the biochar.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reconfiguration of macropore networks in a silty loam soil following biochar addition identified by X‐ray microtomography and network analyses

2019

European J Soil Science

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Biochars are widely applied to improve soil pore structures. However, the quantitative effects of biochars on soil macropore networks still remain unclear. In this study, the effects and possible mechanism of biochar application on soil macropore networks were investigated quantitatively by industrial X‐ray microtomography (CT), a pore network model and network analyses. Soil cores of 5 cm in diameter and 10 cm in height were collected from a paddy soil (Typic Haplustalf) without biochar application (CK), and amended with rice straw biochar (RSB), corn straw biochar (CSB) and bamboo biochar (BB) at a rate of 25 Mg ha−1 (w/w). Results revealed that the total and connected macroporosity of the biochar‐amended soil was reduced significantly compared with CK, whereas the reverse was true for the isolated porosity. The three types of biochars exhibited different effects on macropores of the soil, depending on their size and shape. The pore network model and network analyses showed that the physical and topological structures of macropore networks in biochar‐amended soil were clearly reconfigured. The accessibility of these macropore networks was markedly reduced. Our results indicated that the incorporation of biochar did not necessarily increase the soil's macroporosity. The combination of pore network model and network analyses was effective for quantifying key properties of soil macropore networks affected by the incorporation of biochar. The changes in these properties may be used to evaluate the effects of biochar on water, air and nutrient transport. Highlights Effect of biochars on the soil macropore structure was studied by industrial CT. Macropore network structure was quantified by a pore network model and network analyses. Biochar incorporation markedly changed the accessibility of the soil macropore network. The macropore network of soil can be reconfigured following biochar addition.

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“…Cumulative N 2 O‐N emissions from carbonized compost mixtures were reduced compared with their un‐carbonized feedstocks. This corroborated previous studies that also reported reduction in N 2 O emissions from co‐composted biochar compared to the unamended control ( Agyarko‐Mintah et al, ; Awasthi et al, ). Similar to rice husk biochar, which showed a 27% reduction in N 2 O‐N emissions, Wang et al () reported a 26% reduction in N 2 O emissions when bamboo biochar was added to compost compared with compost without biochar.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Over the entire composting period, carbonized compost mixtures showed reduced cumulative CO 2 -C emissions compared with un-carbonized mixtures. This reduced turnover was likely a consequence of the high biochemical stability of biochar-C (Awasthi et al, 2017), leading to lower cumulative emissions even with higher initial ones. These results were similar to those of Liu et al (2017) who observed a decrease in CO 2 emissions when bamboo biochar was added to compost.…”

Section: Emissions Of Carbon (Co 2 -C) and Compost Temperaturementioning

confidence: 99%

Gaseous carbon and nitrogen losses during composting of carbonized and un‐carbonized agricultural residues in northern Ghana

Manka’abusi

Steiner

Haering

et al. 2018

J. Plant Nutr. Soil Sci.

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Adding biochar to nutrient rich organic matter during composting reportedly reduces nitrogen (N) volatilization and carbonization of feedstock stabilized organic carbon (C). We studied the effects of biochar, produced from agricultural residue as compost additives, on CO2, N2O, and NH3 fluxes in northern Ghana. Three biochar types [from corn cobs (cCC), rice husks (cRH), and wood (cWO)] and their uncharred feedstocks (CC, RH, and WO), were co‐composted with poultry manure (15 vol.‐%) and rice straw (60 vol.‐%) in randomly allocated 1 m3 compost bins. Emissions were measured using a closed chamber system composed of a photo‐acoustic infrared gas analyser (INNOVA 1312‐5). Biochar amended composts showed higher CO2‐C emission rates during the initial composting phase. Maximum CO2‐C flux rates during the first week reached 15 g CO2‐C m−2 h−1 in cRH and 12 g CO2‐C m−2 h−1 for RH, while those from cCC were 19 g CO2‐C m−2 h−1 and from CC 14 g CO2‐C m−2 h−1. Respiration significantly dropped during the last week of composting and lower rates recorded with carbonized compared with the un‐carbonized feedstocks. Total CO2‐C losses were 12 kg m−2 34 d−1 for RH and 9 kg m−2 34 d−1 for cRH, resulting in a 29% reduction of CO2‐C. Emissions were 9 and 10 kg CO2‐C m−2 34 d−1 for cCC and CC, while cWO and WO emitted 7 and 8 kg CO2‐C m−2 34 d−1, respectively. Volatilization of NH3‐N was significantly lower in compost containing cWO (89 g N m−2 34 d−1) compared to WO (166 g N m−2 34 d−1), while N2O‐N emissions were lower in compost mixtures containing cRH (27%), cCC (7%), and cWO (16%) compared with their un‐carbonized feedstock.

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RETRACTED: Heterogeneity of biochar amendment to improve the carbon and nitrogen sequestration through reduce the greenhouse gases emissions during sewage sludge composting

Cited by 253 publications

References 31 publications

Adding Phosphate Fertilizer and Apple Waste to Pig Manure during Composting Mitigates Nitrogen Gas Emissions and Improves Compost Quality

Adding Phosphate Fertilizer and Apple Waste to Pig Manure during Composting Mitigates Nitrogen Gas Emissions and Improves Compost Quality

Reconfiguration of macropore networks in a silty loam soil following biochar addition identified by X‐ray microtomography and network analyses

Gaseous carbon and nitrogen losses during composting of carbonized and un‐carbonized agricultural residues in northern Ghana

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