RETRACTED: Microbial strategies for bio-transforming food waste into resources

Sharma, Poonam; Gaur, Vivek Kumar; Kim, Jun Seok; Pandey, Ashok

doi:10.1016/j.biortech.2019.122580

Cited by 309 publications

(105 citation statements)

References 102 publications

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“…Both those aspects contribute to the goals of circular economy. For instance, while bioplastics can be synthesized from chemicals produced by micro-organisms utilizing various waste products [44], the production of conventional plastics uses irreversible processes as they are fossil fuel based [45]. Bioplastics seem to be the ideal replacement for conventional plastics [22,38,39], since they can have similar applications.…”

Section: Bioplasticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biodegradation of Wasted Bioplastics in Natural and Industrial Environments: A Review

et al. 2020

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The problems linked to plastic wastes have led to the development of biodegradable plastics. More specifically, biodegradable bioplastics are the polymers that are mineralized into carbon dioxide, methane, water, inorganic compounds, or biomass through the enzymatic action of specific microorganisms. They could, therefore, be a suitable and environmentally friendly substitute to conventional petrochemical plastics. The physico-chemical structure of the biopolymers, the environmental conditions, as well as the microbial populations to which the bioplastics are exposed to are the most influential factors to biodegradation. This process can occur in both natural and industrial environments, in aerobic and anaerobic conditions, with the latter being the least researched. The examined aerobic environments include compost, soil, and some aquatic environments, whereas the anaerobic environments include anaerobic digestion plants and a few aquatic habitats. This review investigates both the extent and the biodegradation rates under different environments and explores the state-of-the-art knowledge of the environmental and biological factors involved in biodegradation. Moreover, the review demonstrates the need for more research on the long-term fate of bioplastics under natural and industrial (engineered) environments. However, bioplastics cannot be considered a panacea when dealing with the elimination of plastic pollution.

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Section: Bioplasticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biodegradation of Wasted Bioplastics in Natural and Industrial Environments: A Review

et al. 2020

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“…The production of bio-based polymers from agro-wastes is influenced by the availability of starting materials/precursors; these materials should be cheap and available in significant quantities. Among the leading economies, India and China have the capacity to lead in the production of fruit and vegetable-based biopolymers, given the high production capacity and share of total global production [19]. The renewable sources for bio-based polymers are diverse.…”

Section: Production Of Bio-based Polymers From Renewable Sources and mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For example, fruit peels and coconut shells are found in abundance in tropical and coastal areas, respectively [20]. Since India and China have a high fruit and vegetable production capacity [19], agro-wastes synthesized from fruit and vegetable wastes would be abundant in Asia. Coconut shells and microalgae are abundant in coastal areas and marine environments, respectively [20,35].…”

Section: Production Of Bio-based Polymers From Renewable Sources and mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…FAO global estimates of the quantities of cereals, oilseeds, and pulses, roots and tubers, fruits, and vegetables that are lost each year globally suggest that 20-30% of fruits and vegetables are lost in farming (agriculture) and post-harvest phases across all continents. India and China have one of the highest rates of fruits and vegetable wastes, estimated at USD 484 million per year [19]. The financial losses are linked to the loss of 30-40% of fruit and vegetable produce.…”

Section: Availability Of Commercially Viable Quantities Of Renewable mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The financial losses are linked to the loss of 30-40% of fruit and vegetable produce. Cumulatively, India, UK, China, Mexico City, and Central de Abasto generate about 60 million tons of fruit and vegetable wastes each year [19]. Additional losses occur at the point of sale due to handling and poor consumption habits.…”

Section: Availability Of Commercially Viable Quantities Of Renewable mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Production of Sustainable and Biodegradable Polymers from Agricultural Waste

2020

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Agro-wastes are derived from diverse sources including grape pomace, tomato pomace, pineapple, orange, and lemon peels, sugarcane bagasse, rice husks, wheat straw, and palm oil fibers, among other affordable and commonly available materials. The carbon-rich precursors are used in the production bio-based polymers through microbial, biopolymer blending, and chemical methods. The Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) estimates that 20–30% of fruits and vegetables are discarded as waste during post-harvest handling. The development of bio-based polymers is essential, considering the scale of global environmental pollution that is directly linked to the production of synthetic plastics such as polypropylene (PP) and polyethylene (PET). Globally, 400 million tons of synthetic plastics are produced each year, and less than 9% are recycled. The optical, mechanical, and chemical properties such as ultraviolet (UV) absorbance, tensile strength, and water permeability are influenced by the synthetic route. The production of bio-based polymers from renewable sources and microbial synthesis are scalable, facile, and pose a minimal impact on the environment compared to chemical synthesis methods that rely on alkali and acid treatment or co-polymer blending. Despite the development of advanced synthetic methods and the application of biofilms in smart/intelligent food packaging, construction, exclusion nets, and medicine, commercial production is limited by cost, the economics of production, useful life, and biodegradation concerns, and the availability of adequate agro-wastes. New and cost-effective production techniques are critical to facilitate the commercial production of bio-based polymers and the replacement of synthetic polymers.

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