“…From Tables 5 and 6, it can be concluded that the HGOANM developed in this paper to solve robot gripper, side crash, multiple disc clutch brake and grinding problems gives better results than those obtained by other researchers (Baskar et al, 2004;Gupta et al, 2001;Huang et al, 2015;Khalilpourazari & Khalilpourazary, 2018;Krishna, 2007;Krishna & Rao, 2006;Lee et al, 2011;Lin & Li, 2008;Pawar et al, 2010;Pawar & Rao, 2013;Saravanan et al, 2002;Slowik & Slowik, 2008;Wen et al, 1992;Yildiz, 2020a;Yildiz, Yildiz, Sait, & Li, 2019;Zhang et al, 2014) in the literature.…”