RETRACTED: The role of Fe species in the pyrolysis of Fe phthalocyanine and phenolic resin for preparation of carbon-based cathode catalysts

Nitrogen-doped carbon nanomaterials as non-metal electrocatalysts for water oxidation

“…S7, the detection limit of EDS-TEM system: 0.05-0.1 at%). This finding contrasts with those of iron-and cobalt-derived N/C materials, in which small amount of metal particles were still observed after long-duration pyrolysis and acid hydrolysis 28 . It was possibly ascribed to the as-used melamine/formaldehyde resin and nickel precursors, resulting in that the nickel species were hardly bound to the carbon matrix after pyrolysation and strong acid leaching.…”

Nitrogen-doped carbon xerogel: A novel carbon-based electrocatalyst for oxygen reduction reaction in proton exchange membrane (PEM) fuel cells

“…[10][11][12][13][14] In order to decrease the cost of electrocatalysts and eliminate their dependence on noble metals, various non-noble metal catalysts have been explored recently as alternatives to the Pt-based electrocatalysts, which include chalcogenide catalysts, [15][16][17][18][19] transition metal macrocyclic compounds, [20][21][22] transition metallic oxides [23][24][25][26][27] and carbon-based catalysts. [28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35] In particular, carbon-based catalysts doped with the heteroatoms such as nitrogen (N) or boron (B) have been paid much attention and been proposed as typical non-noble metal catalysts for ORR [36][37][38] in alkaline media. Especially, since Gong et al 37 reported the superior activity and stability of nitrogen doped carbon nanotube in alkaline solution, the heteroatom doped carbon materials have been expected to be promising alternative Pt-based catalysts.…”

Preparation of Carbon Alloy Catalysts from a Polyhydroxyamide with Iron Phthalocyanine via a Poly-biphenylenebisoxazole Composite

“…The precipitated composite was isolated by filtration and dried at 120 o C for 12 hours in a higher onset potential and current density than C-PhRs-Fe-3. Nabae et al reported amount of nitrogen of C-PhRs-Fe-3 was below 1wt% [9]. On the other hand, amount of nitrogen of C-DHBTA-Fe-3 was over 6wt% as already shown in Figure 2.…”

“…These TEM and XRD results imply that in the carbonization process, Fe graphitizes carbon and also produces more graphite edges [9,25,26] which are the active site of CACs. These carbons with a large number of edge sites shows increased ORR activity.…”

“…based ORR catalyst starting from a mixture of phenolic resin (PhRs) or furan resin mixed with iron phthalocyanine (FePc) by heating up to 900 o C [8,9]. These catalysts can be termed carbon alloy catalysts (CAC) because they are composed of not only carbon but also nitrogen and metals.…”