RetractedHuman Health Risk of Chromium Intake From Consumption of Poultry Meat and Eggs in Dhaka, Bangladesh

Abstract

Background. Heavy metals contamination of food is a serious threat. Long term exposure may lead to human health risks. Poultry and eggs are a major source of protein, but if contaminated by heavy metals, have the potential to lead to detrimental effects on human health.Objectives.The objective of this study is to determine chromium concentrations in poultry meat (flesh and liver) and eggs collected from poultry farms in Dhaka, Bangladesh, to calculate the daily intake of chromium from the consumption of poultry meat and eggs for adults, and to evaluate their potential health risk by calculating the target hazard quotients (THQ).Methods.All samples of poultry feed, meat (flesh and liver) and eggs were analyzed by a graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometer (AAS) (GFA- EX- 7i Shimadju, Japan).Results.Chromium concentrations were recorded in the range of not detected (ND) to 1.3926±0.0010 mg kg−1 and 0.0678±0.0001 mg kg−1 to 1.3764±0.0009 mg kg−1 in the liver of broiler and layer chickens, respectively. Chromium concentrations were determined in the range of 0.069±1.0004 mgkg−1 to 2.0746±0.0021 mg kg−1 and 0.0362±0.0002 mg kg−1 to 1.2752±0.0014 mg kg−1 in the flesh of broiler and layer chicken, respectively. The mean concentration of chromium in eggs was 0.2174−1.08 mg kg.−1 The highest concentration of chromium 2.4196±0.0019 mg kg−1 was found in egg yolk. Target hazard quotients values in all poultry flesh, liver and eggs samples were less than one, indicating no potential health risks to consumers.Conclusions.The estimated daily intake values of chromium were below the threshold limit. Thus, our results indicate that no adverse health effects are expected as a resultof ingestion of chicken fed with tannery waste.Ethics Approval:This study was approved by the Biosafety, Biosecurity & Ethical Committee of Jahangirnagar University.

Influence of Species Differences, Relative Metals Concentrations and pH on Uptake of Metals in Water by Fish

“…Metals in ionic form are readily absorbed by plants and animals [22], [23]. The variation in the uptake of Cu based on the source of water agrees with the work of Hossain et al, in 2017 [24], who got a similar result from three different O. niloticus farms in Bangladash. They reported that the samples of the studied fish species (O. niloticus) collected from three fish farms of Noakhali region contain all the analysed heavy metals (Cd, Cr, Pb, Ni and Cu) at different levels which were more than the maximum permissible limit.…”

Human health risk assessment of edible body parts of chicken through heavy metals and trace elements quantitative analysis

“…Food safety has become a severe global human health concern due to toxic heavy metal poisoning in the food chain [1]. Heavy metals have a specific weight greater than 5 g/cm 3 and are naturally present in the Earth's crust [2].…”

“…For non-vegetable protein, people in densely populated nations like Bangladesh rely primarily on poultry meat and eggs. To fulfil the rising need for animal protein, Bangladesh has developed commercial poultry farming, which is considered a way to rapidly expand the production of this meat [1]. Poultry meat alone accounts for 37% of Bangladesh's overall meat output and (22-27) % of the nation's overall supply of animal protein [16].…”