Retraction Note: Prevalence of Musculoskeletal Pain Due to Smart Phone Usage Among High School Students-A Crosssectional Study

Abstract

In the past decade, mobile phone usage rates have increased and there have been concerns that the overuse of smart phones may contribute to various musculoskeletal (MSK) problems primarily in neck and shoulder region. The most reported complaint is pain that can be seen in many parts of the body, especially in neck. Objective: To check the prevalence of cervical pain and its association with smart phone usage among high school students. Methods: It was an observational cross-sectional study in which non-probability purposive sampling technique was used to collect data from high schools of Faisalabad. 105 subjects both male and female with musculoskeletal pain were included. The data were analyzed by SPSS version 23. Results: Females were found to have more pain (58.1%) compared to (41.9%) the males. 72.4% subjected recorded the moderate to severe pain measured on VAS. No association was found among disability score and gender and age with p-value > 0.005. Conclusions: There was no noticeable relationship between gender and age regarding pain intensity. Most variables showed an association with pain intensity indicating that there is a prevalence of cervical pain more than any other musculoskeletal pain in high school students due to smart phone usage.

Effect of Mobile Phone Use on Musculoskeletal Complaints: Insights From Nursing Students at Northern Border University, Arar, Saudi Arabia

“…Results of the present study indicated that age, grade, time spent daily on media/technology usage, and using technology at bedtime were not significant predictors of musculoskeletal pain. As stated by Khalid A et al [ 37 ], there was no significant relationship between age and the modified neck and shoulder disability index, nor was there any relationship between gender and the modified neck and shoulder disability index. Additionally, a previous study conducted on 120 nursing students at a university in Riyadh, the capital city of Saudi Arabia, found no significant relationship between neck pain and either age or gender [ 22 ].…”

The Association Between Smartphone Addiction/Overuse With Hand and Wrist Musculoskeletal Complaints, Saudi Arabia

“…According to the report of Sirajudeen et al [ 11 ], female gender and participants with increased weight were significantly associated with the occurrence of musculoskeletal disorders. However, in a study by Khaled et al [ 18 ], they found no significant association between disability scores in terms of gender and age. Our study also observed this, wherein PRWHE scores have no significant association with gender, nationality, education, occupation, smoking status, or the dominant hand (p>0.05).…”