Retraction notice to “HIF-1α mediates tumor-nerve interactions through the up-regulation of GM-CSF in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma” [Cancer Lett. 453 (2019) 10–20]

Wang, Haotian; Jia, Rujiang; Zhao, Tiansuo; Li, Xin; Lang, Mingxiao; Lan, Chungen; Wang, Hongwei; Li, Zengun; Zhou, Bodong; Wu, Liangliang; Sun, Yan; Wang, Xiuchao; He, Rong; Hao, Jihui

doi:10.1016/j.canlet.2023.216059

Cancer Letters

2023

DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2023.216059

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Retraction notice to “HIF-1α mediates tumor-nerve interactions through the up-regulation of GM-CSF in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma” [Cancer Lett. 453 (2019) 10–20]

Haotian Wang

Rujiang Jia

Tiansuo Zhao

et al.

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“…Hitherto, clinical progress in PDAC treatment has depended heavily on improvements in conventional chemotherapy regimens directed toward the malignant cells in the tumor tissue (6). Although treatment options involving well-known concepts of immunotherapy (7) and targeted therapies (8, 9) are emerging for PDAC, novel treatment strategies exploiting altered cellular metabolism are now being explored as possible new approaches to the clinical management of PDAC (10)(11)(12). Metabolic reprogramming has recently been recognized as a hallmark of cancer (13).…”

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Fatty acids abrogate the growth-suppressive effects induced by inhibition of cholesterol flux in pancreatic cancer cells

Amrutkar

Finstadsveen

et al. 2023

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Background Despite therapeutic advances, the prognosis of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) remains extremely poor. Metabolic reprogramming is increasingly recognized as a key contributor to tumor progression and therapy resistance in PDAC. One of the main metabolic changes essential for tumor growth is altered cholesterol flux. Targeting cholesterol flux appears an attractive therapeutic approach, however, the complex regulation of cholesterol balance in PDAC cells remains poorly understood. Methods The lipid content in human pancreatic duct epithelial (HPDE) cells and human PDAC cell lines (BxPC-3, MIA PaCa-2, and PANC-1) was determined. Cells exposed to eight different inhibitors targeting different regulators of lipid flux, in the presence or absence of oleic acid (OA) stimulation were assessed for changes in viability, proliferation, migration, and invasion. Intracellular content and distribution of cholesterol was assessed. Lastly, proteome profiling of PANC-1 exposed to the SOAT1 inhibitor avasimibe, in presence or absence of OA, was performed. Results PDAC cells contain more free cholesterol but less cholesteryl esters and lipid droplets than HPDE cells. Exposure to different lipid flux inhibitors increased cell death and suppressed proliferation, with different efficiency in the tested PDAC cell lines. Avasimibe had the strongest ability to suppress proliferation across the three PDAC cell lines. All inhibitors showing cell suppressive effect disturbed intracellular cholesterol flux and increased cholesterol aggregation. OA improved overall cholesterol balance, reduced free cholesterol aggregation, and reversed cell death induced by the inhibitors. Treatment with avasimibe changed the cellular proteome substantially, mainly for proteins related to biosynthesis and metabolism of lipids and fatty acids, apoptosis, and cell adhesion. Most of these changes were restored by OA. Conclusions The study reveals that disturbing the cholesterol flux by inhibiting the actions of its key regulators can yield growth suppressive effects on PDAC cells. The presence of fatty acids restores intracellular cholesterol balance and abrogates the alternations induced by cholesterol flux inhibitors. Taken together, targeting cholesterol flux might be an attractive strategy to develop new therapeutics against PDAC. However, the impact of fatty acids in the tumor microenvironment must be taken into consideration.

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confidence: 99%

Fatty acids abrogate the growth-suppressive effects induced by inhibition of cholesterol flux in pancreatic cancer cells

Amrutkar

Finstadsveen

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Retraction notice to “HIF-1α mediates tumor-nerve interactions through the up-regulation of GM-CSF in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma” [Cancer Lett. 453 (2019) 10–20]

Cited by 1 publication

References 0 publications

Fatty acids abrogate the growth-suppressive effects induced by inhibition of cholesterol flux in pancreatic cancer cells

Fatty acids abrogate the growth-suppressive effects induced by inhibition of cholesterol flux in pancreatic cancer cells

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