Retrofits and options for the alternatives to HCFC-22

Yang, Zhao; Wu, Xi

doi:10.1016/j.energy.2013.05.065

Cited by 81 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 90 publications

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“…Analyzing low and medium temperature commercial refrigeration applications, due to Montreal Protocol there was a retrofit process from R22 and R502 to zero-ODP refrigerants, mainly R134a, R404A and R507A [8,9]. R404A and R507A are very similar and they can be used both for a very wide range of evaporation temperatures, R404A being mostly used in Europe.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Theoretical comparison of low GWP alternatives for different refrigeration configurations taking R404A as baseline

Mota-Babiloni

Navarro-Esbrí

Barragán

et al. 2014

International Journal of Refrigeration

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Six refrigerants are evaluated as low GWP replacements for R404A using different configurations, including two-stage system architectures. These refrigerants are selected according to similar characteristics to R404A, and they are the mid-term alternatives R407A and R407F, and the long-term alternatives: L40 and DR-7 (with very low GWP and low flammability), N40 and DR-33 (with low GWP and no flammability). In order to have a complete comparison range, various operating conditions are considered, covering low and medium evaporator temperatures and two levels of condensation temperatures. Configurations selected are presented and the equations used to simulate the expected performance are shown. From a given cooling capacity, volumetric flow rate and COP are compared, taking R404A as baseline. The most efficient alternatives are the low-flammable refrigerants, L40 and DR-7, and when no flammability is acceptable, N40 and DR-33 are also very good options.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Theoretical comparison of low GWP alternatives for different refrigeration configurations taking R404A as baseline

Mota-Babiloni

Navarro-Esbrí

Barragán

et al. 2014

International Journal of Refrigeration

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show abstract

“…Qurashi and Wankhede [34] reported that refrigerators designed to work with R-134a had a charge that varied from 105 to 150 g. However, the charge was reduced to 70e90 g when hydrocarbon refrigerants were used. As reported by EN378-2008 [35] the maximum allowed charge can be calculated using Equation (1), [36].…”

Section: Flammabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Energy and exergy analysis of LPG (liquefied petroleum gas) as a drop in replacement for R134a in domestic refrigerators

El-Morsi

2015

Energy

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“…Global Warming Potential) informuje o ilości ciepła zatrzymanego przez określoną masę gazu do ilości ciepła zatrzymanego przez ekwiwalentną masę dwutlenku węgla przez 100 lat. Można zaobserwować znacznie większy wpływ zamienników zeotropowych niż R22 [11]. Osobną grupę stanowią najnowsze czynniki R1234 będące HFO (ang.…”

Section: Wymiana Czynników Chłodniczych Z Grupy Hcfcunclassified

Legal and technical aspects of replacement refrigerants in refrigeration and air conditioning

Rusowicz¹,

Grzebielec²

2015

JCEEA

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Retrofits and options for the alternatives to HCFC-22

Cited by 81 publications

References 90 publications

Theoretical comparison of low GWP alternatives for different refrigeration configurations taking R404A as baseline

Theoretical comparison of low GWP alternatives for different refrigeration configurations taking R404A as baseline

Energy and exergy analysis of LPG (liquefied petroleum gas) as a drop in replacement for R134a in domestic refrigerators

Legal and technical aspects of replacement refrigerants in refrigeration and air conditioning

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