Retrofitting FSO Systems in Existing RF Infrastructure: A Non-Zero-Sum Game Technology

Trichili, Abderrahmen; Ragheb, Amr; Briantcev, Dmitrii; Esmail, Maged Abdullah; Altamimi, Majid; Ashry, Islam; Ooi, Boon S.; Alshebeili, Saleh; Alouini, Mohamed‐Slim

doi:10.1109/ojcoms.2021.3130645

Cited by 24 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 139 publications

(143 reference statements)

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“…Besides FSO only links, various terrestrial hybrid RF/FSO schemes are also recently investigated in the literature [41]- [43]. These hybrid links can be well suited for maritime communication between ships and ship to shore.…”

Section: Fso and Hybrid Rf/fso For Maritime Communicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Maritime Communications: A Survey on Enabling Technologies, Opportunities, and Challenges

Alqurashi¹,

Trichili²,

Saeed³

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Water covers 71% of the Earth's surface, where the steady increase in oceanic activities has promoted the need for reliable maritime communication technologies. The existing maritime communication systems involve terrestrial, aerial, and satellite networks. This paper presents a holistic overview of the different forms of maritime communications and provides the latest advances in various marine technologies. The paper first introduces the different techniques used for maritime communications over the RF and optical bands. Then, we present the channel models for RF and optical bands, modulation and coding schemes, coverage and capacity, and radio resource management in maritime communications. After that, the paper presents some emerging use cases of maritime networks, such as the Internet of Ships (IoS) and the ship-to-underwater Internet of things (IoT). Finally, we highlight a few exciting open challenges and identify a set of future research directions for maritime communication, including bringing broadband connectivity to the deep sea, using THz and visible light signals for on-board applications, and datadriven modeling for radio and optical marine propagation.

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Section: Fso and Hybrid Rf/fso For Maritime Communicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Maritime Communications: A Survey on Enabling Technologies, Opportunities, and Challenges

Alqurashi¹,

Trichili²,

Saeed³

et al. 2022

Preprint

Self Cite

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“…This issue can be overcome by hard-switching scheme, where the primary FSO link, is active when signal-tonoise ratio (SNR) of the FSO link is above a certain threshold level. The secondary RF link is activated for transmission if the SNR of the FSO link goes below the threshold [4]. The hard-switching scheme was explored in a multihop scenario in [5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Outage Probability Analysis of Hard-Switching based Mixed FSO/IRS-aided RF Communication

Mandal¹,

Bhowal²,

Kashyap³

et al. 2022

Preprint

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The performance analysis of hard-switching based mixed free space optical (FSO)/ intelligent reflecting surface (IRS)-aided radio frequency (RF) communication system is carried out in terms of outage probability (OP). The FSO link with larger bandwidth is considered as primary link, it is active for transmission when the FSO channel condition is good enough. The RF link referred to as the back-up link is activated for transmission whenever the FSO link is poor. Further, the transmission via RF link is assisted by an IRS consisting of reflecting elements that are programmable and passive in nature. For this setup, the OP is evaluated for different numbers of reflecting elements at the IRS. In order to obtain 0:001 OP with 28 dB transmit SNR of the RF link, the required transmit SNR of the FSO link with 90 elements at the IRS in the RF link is 27 dB whereas, with 100 elements at the IRS, the required SNR is 18 dB. Thus, it has been observed that the use of 10 IRS elements can reduce the required SNR of FSO link by 9 dB while keeping the OP fixed. The impact of the IRS on the OP is significant specifically when the FSO link is weak. Further, the OP performance of hard-switching scheme based mixed IRS-aided RF/FSO system has been analyzed considering both strong and moderate atmospheric turbulences, and different link distances. (This paper has been submitted to IEEE GLOBECOM Workshop 2022)

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“…This issue can be overcome by hard-switching scheme, where primary FSO link, is active when SNR of the FSO link is above a certain threshold level. And the secondary RF link is activated for transmission if the SNR of FSO link goes below the threshold [5]. The hard-switching scheme was explored in a multihop scenario in [6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Outage Probability Analysis of Hard-Switching based Mixed FSO/IRS-aided RF Communication

Mandal¹,

Bhowal²,

Kashyap³

et al. 2022

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The performance analysis of hard-switching based mixed free space optical (FSO)/ intelligent reflecting surface (IRS)-aided radio frequency (RF) communication system is carried out in terms of outage probability (OP). The FSO link with larger bandwidth is considered as primary link, it is active for transmission when the FSO channel condition is good enough. The RF link referred to as the back-up link is activated for transmission whenever the FSO link is poor. Further, the transmission via RF link is assisted by an IRS consisting of reflecting elements that are programmable and passive in nature. For this setup, the OP is evaluated for different numbers of reflecting elements at the IRS. In order to obtain 0:001 OP with 28 dB transmit SNR of the RF link, the required transmit SNR of the FSO link with 90 elements at the IRS in the RF link is 27 dB whereas, with 100 elements at the IRS, the required SNR is 18 dB. Thus, it has been observed that the use of 10 IRS elements can reduce the required SNR of FSO link by 9 dB while keeping the OP fixed. The impact of the IRS on the OP is significant specifically when the FSO link is weak. Further, the OP performance of hard-switching scheme based mixed IRS-aided RF/FSO system has been analyzed considering both strong and moderate atmospheric turbulences, and different link distances. (This paper has been submitted to IEEE GLOBECOM Workshop 2022)

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Retrofitting FSO Systems in Existing RF Infrastructure: A Non-Zero-Sum Game Technology

Cited by 24 publications

References 139 publications

Maritime Communications: A Survey on Enabling Technologies, Opportunities, and Challenges

Maritime Communications: A Survey on Enabling Technologies, Opportunities, and Challenges

Outage Probability Analysis of Hard-Switching based Mixed FSO/IRS-aided RF Communication

Outage Probability Analysis of Hard-Switching based Mixed FSO/IRS-aided RF Communication

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