Retrofitting public spaces for thermal comfort and sustainability

Cortesão, João; Alves, Fernando Brandão; Corvacho, Helena; Rocha, Cecília

doi:10.1177/1420326x16659326

Cited by 20 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…This study was followed by Klemm and colleagues (Klemm et al 2015a;Klemm et al 2015b;Klemm et al 2017) who indicated psychological effects of green elements on thermal perception that cannot be related to measurable biometeorological effects. Soon after, Cortesão studied building materials in urban plazas (Cortesão et al 2016), and Krüger et al thermal perception in different street typologies (Krüger 2017). Shih and colleagues studied spatial elements in Taiwanese school yards (Shih et al 2017), Peng et al the spatial environment in different urban Dutch public spaces (Peng et al 2019), and Yung et al in Hong Kong gardens (Yung et al 2019).…”

Section: Reshaping the Existing Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploring outdoor thermal perception—a revised model

Lenzholzer

Vries

2019

Int J Biometeorol

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This paper aims at extending earlier models of outdoor thermal perception by fusing new knowledge from recent literature and deriving perspectives for future research and methods from the new model. Previous models focused on physical and physiological aspects. Only recently, the psychological aspects of thermal perception received more attention, such as spatial perception. Furthermore, in recent literature on thermal perception, two time scales have been described: the short-term and the long-term thermal perception. Based on this new literature, we develop a conceptual, more comprehensive model that takes these factors into account as well. It hypothesizes how thermal sensation and psychological processes interact on the two time scales. However, to be able to describe relationships between psychological aspects of thermal perception more precisely, more research is required on the following issues: (1) influence of momentary personal references and preferences (e.g., mood), (2) influence of long-term personal references and preferences (e.g., cultural aspects, habituation), and (3) influence of the perception of the spatial environment on thermal perception. Moreover, the relation between momentary and long-term thermal perception has not been studied yet. We conclude this paper with an outlook on possible methods to study these factors.

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Section: Reshaping the Existing Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploring outdoor thermal perception—a revised model

Lenzholzer

Vries

2019

Int J Biometeorol

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“…Public open spaces are very important for everyday living because all civic, cultural, and social activities occur there. Previous researches showed that outdoor thermal comfort directly affects the intensity of use of public open spaces and outdoor activities [20,21], and that spatial characteristics as the form, configuration and combination of surface materials influence the urban microclimate [22]. The urban climate and outdoor thermal comfort can be improved by adopting cooling strategies.…”

Section: S990mentioning

confidence: 99%

The study of effects of greenery on temperature reduction in urban areas

Djekic¹,

Mitkovic²,

Dinic-Brankovic³

et al. 2018

Therm sci

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Urban landscape is largely characterized by high degree of built space, high share of artificial surface material and the reduction of green areas, which leads to changes in the microclimate and the deterioration of thermal comfort in outdoor urban space. One of the most important roles of urban greenery is the impact on the reduction of air temperature due to less heating of green space compared to paved surfaces and due to tree shading. The paper analyses the influence of urban greenery on temperature reduction. Aim of the study was to measure the difference in warming up of grassy surfaces and paving materials commonly used for public areas and to evaluate the impact of tree shading on the surface cooling during the day. For this purpose, measuring of surface temperatures was performed during the summer months in 2015 in the central city zone of the city of Nis. The measuring included: grass, asphalt as most commonly used paving material, and concrete tiles commonly used for pedestrian areas. Results show the temperature of grass is significantly lower than the temperature of paved surface at any time of day. In the case of paved surfaces, temperature of shaded or partially shaded material is lower than the temperature of surface exposed to sunlight during the whole day, a temperature difference exists even after nocturnal cooling. The results indicate the importance of green areas for cooling of urban spaces, due to their lower warming and surface shading from tree canopy. IntroductionUrban environment is defined as the physical environment in urban areas, with its complex mix of natural elements (including air, water, land, climate, flora and fauna) and the built environment, i. e. a physical environment constructed or modified for human habitation and activity encompassing buildings, infrastructure and urban open spaces [1]. The process of urbanization brought about changes in cityscape, reduction of green areas and increase of paved areas, and the changes of city climate and emergence of so called urban heat islands (UHI). The UHI represent the areas inside cities where the air temperature is higher than the air temperature of the surrounding area. With higher temperatures, energy consumption in-_______________ Djekić, J. P., et al.: The Study of Effects of Greenery on Temperature Reduction …

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“…In the tropics, the application of natural elements is key to formulating mitigation measures as a replacement to hard surfaces and treatment of anthropogenic emissions (Duarte, Shinzato, Gusson, & Alves, 2014). Thereby, application of design elements such as vegetation and water features take advantage of existing structure and thus contribute to the microclimate of the open spaces (Cortesao et al, 2016). As studied by Anupriya (2016), the microclimatic condition of the urban atmosphere is very much affected by development and congested composition of the urban landscape, which significantly causes thermal discomfort to the surrounding occupants.…”

Section: Application Of Natural Elements For Natural Cooling In Open mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The presence of vegetation contributes to natural cooling by providing shade and ventilation. (Abdulkareem, 2015;Altinisik et al, 2014;Anupriya, 2016;Cortesao et al, 2016;Duarte et al, 2014;Gómez-Muñoz et al, 2010;Hsieh et al, 2016;Jamei et al, 2016;Perini & Magliocco, 2014;Qaid et al, 2016;Thani et al, 2012) These design requirements indicated for the tropics may not be applicable for cold climates as it may create adverse effects. The design requirements for optimum thermal performance of open spaces are manifested not only in the need to reduce heat gains/losses but also to counterbalance the effects of climate changes.…”

Section: Analysis and Findingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Urban heat island poses considerable influence upon the thermal performance of an open space in term of its social interaction, environmental and therapeutic potentials (Almhafdy, Ibrahim, Ahmad, & Yahya, 2013). While climate change is unavoidable, it is therefore important to focus on passive design strategies such as careful planning of open space built forms and its layout as it could assist in thermal comfort and wellbeing of the people (Cortesao, Alves, Corvacho, & Rocha, 2016). As such, it is necessary to be climate-conscious throughout the planning and design of an open space; to allow adequate and proper access of wind and sun.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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An Overview of Influencing Factors of Thermal Performance for Open Spaces in the Tropics

Yung

Norhayati

Norafida

2018

JDBE

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In recent years, urban heat island has become a critical issue especially in the tropics, thereby drawing attention of researchers. Urban heat island poses considerable influence upon the thermal performance of an open space in terms of its social interaction, environmental and therapeutic potentials. To provide benefits towards healthy urban living, proper planning of open spaces is seen to be crucial. In the tropics, the thermal performance of an open space can only be effectively achieved when determinant variables on site and the surroundings are not neglected. This paper provides a comprehensive review of previous studies on the effect of different determinant variables for open spaces with regards to thermal performance in the tropics. Determinant variables such as built forms and configurations, orientation, built envelope and layout, building fabric and surface materials, and natural features like vegetation and water features were reviewed and analysed to identify their influences toward the thermal comfort of open spaces and how the effective passive cooling potential could be enhanced. In conclusion, to achieve the best possible thermal performance for open spaces, determinant variables of greater influence such as built form and configuration, orientation and the built envelope and layout are stressed throughout the design planning.

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Retrofitting public spaces for thermal comfort and sustainability

Cited by 20 publications

References 7 publications

Exploring outdoor thermal perception—a revised model

Exploring outdoor thermal perception—a revised model

The study of effects of greenery on temperature reduction in urban areas

An Overview of Influencing Factors of Thermal Performance for Open Spaces in the Tropics

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