Retroperitoneal Fibrosis

Drug-induced retroperitoneal fibrosis: short aetiopathogenetic note, from the past times of ergot-derivatives large use to currently applied bio-pharmacology

“…To come up against the risk of RPF onset dependent on such anti-TNFα agents, other drugs, targeting particular molecules or pathways -among which the B-cell surface protein CD20, interleukin-6 cytokine or Janus kinase/Stat -may be used to treat patients seriously suffering from autoimmune disorders (51)(52)(53)(54)(55). Moreover, regarding such diseases, the resort to anti-inflammatory nerve vagus-mediated electroceutical approaches could be a foreseeable alternative to drug use (56), as well as the administration of centrally(brain)-acting muscarinic acetylcholine receptor agonist cytokine-lowering xanomeline (57).…”