Retroperitoneal Teratoma in Infancy; Report of an Unusual Entity

Abstract

Primary retroperitoneal teratoma in infancy is extremely rare. In children, it accounts for 3.5-4% of all germ cell tumours and 1-11% of primary retroperitoneal neoplasms. Clinical presentation is often asymptomatic or may present as a palpable mass or abdominal distension. The imaging findings of teratoma are characteristic. Early diagnosis is important for prompt surgical resection. We present a case of huge retroperitoneal teratoma in a 5-month-old child presenting with abdominal swelling where computed tomography findings are distinctive. Biopsy led to the definitive diagnosis of mature cystic teratoma of retroperitoneum.

Neonate with Retroperitoneal Mature Cystic Teratoma – A Case Report

“…4 They are usually secondary neoplasms and primary retroperitoneal neoplasms are extremely rare. 1 The anatomic variety seen in these tumours and their occurrence in midline and gonads is explained by the germ cells migratory capacity. 5 They may be solid, cystic or mixed.…”

“…Occasionally the tumour may present late, with infection and rupture leading to complications like abscess formation and peritonitis which may be life-threatening. 1 Therefore, early diagnosis becomes imperative and may be life-saving. Imaging plays a vital role in the diagnosis and management of teratomas.…”

“…Retroperitoneal teratomas are uncommon neoplasm accounting for 3.5 to 4 % of all germ cell tumours in children. 1 Most of these tumours are benign, but malignancy may be encountered especially in neonates compared to other paediatric age groups. 2 They usually present in the pararenal area and more common on the left side, often presenting as abdominal distension or a palpable mass.…”

“…2 They usually present in the pararenal area and more common on the left side, often presenting as abdominal distension or a palpable mass. 1 Most cases are detected incidentally. Once detected, early management may help in preventing morbidity and mortality.…”

Mature Cystic Teratoma in a Newborn With Down Syndrome

“…Primary retroperitoneal teratomas are rare tumors. According to Sarangi et al, they are very uncommon in neonates [ 1 ]. Augé et al found that most of these tumors are benign, but they can be malignant, especially in newborns compared to older children [ 2 ].…”