Retrospective Analysis and Literature Review of Acute Tubulointerstitial Nephritis Cases Linked to Energy Drinks

Abstract

Objective: Acute tubulointerstitial nephritis (aTIN) is a rare cause of acute renal injury in children. The incidence of cases linked to insensible use of energy drinks has increased in recent years. In thıs study, we aimed to examine patients with aTIN connected to energy drink in detail in our own patients.Methods: In this study, the files of patients with acute tubulointerstitial nephritis (aTIN in the pediatric nephrology clinic were retrospectively screened.Results: 32 patients were included in the study (F/M: 22/10). Mean age was 12±4.3 years (9-17). The most common causes in etiology were drugs (18; 56.2%) and energy drinks (9; 28.1%). The most common attendance symptoms were vomiting (84.3%), fatigue (68.7%), hypertension (56.2%), abdominal pain (40.6%), joint pain (34.3%), fever (31.2%). The mean duration from onset of symptoms to first attendance at hospital was 3.8±2.1 days, with the mean duration between first intake of causative agent to onset of symptoms 9±4.1 days.Conclusion: The inclusion of energy drink use among candidates for causes of aTIN in recent years is an important health problem. Due to serious side effect profile beginning with acute kidney injury and resulting in CKD, it is a cause that should definitely be questioned in the anamnesis of young patients especially.