Retrospective and Histopathological Studies of &lt;i&gt;Entamoeba&lt;/i&gt; spp. and Other Pathogens Associated with Diarrhea and Wasting in Pigs in Aichi Prefecture, Japan

Komatsu, Tetsuya; Matsubayashi, Makoto; Murakoshi, Naoko; Sasai, Kazumi; Shibahara, Tomoyuki

doi:10.6090/jarq.53.59

Cited by 7 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…C. suis may cause transient diarrhea, which is often implicated by secondary pathogens such as bacteria and viruses [ 32 ], thus resulting in weight loss and managerial costs [ 33 ]. Additionally, this protozoon can lead to possible alterations of intestinal epithelium and gut microbiota and consequent diminished nutrient absorption [ 4 , 33 , 34 ]. This apicomplexan protozoon affects mainly suckling piglets, which are unable to mount an adequate primary immune response [ 31 , 35 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence and Risk Factors of Intestinal Parasite Infections in Greek Swine Farrow-To-Finish Farms

et al. 2020

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Intestinal parasites, helminths, and protozoa challenge health and welfare of pigs and deteriorate the sustainability of swine farms leading to monetary losses. A multicentric survey was conducted for approximately one year. Overall, 1150 fecal samples were collected from eight intensive farms in Greece at regular intervals and examined by flotation and Ziehl-Neelsen techniques. Age, season, and time of last recorded antiparasitic treatment were assessed as possible risk factors using binary regression models. The overall prevalence of intestinal parasitism in pigs was 44.7%. The most frequently detected parasites in the studied population were the protozoa Balantidium coli (37.8%), followed by Entamoeba spp. (8.3%), Cystoisospora suis (6.0%), and the nematodes Ascaris suum (3.7%), Trichuris suis (2.5%), and Oesophagostomum spp. (1.4%). Distribution of intestinal parasites in different age groups was as expected. In autumn, the prevalence of Balantidium coli infection enhanced whereas the prevalence of Entamoeba spp. and Cystoisospora suis infections increased in spring. Time of last recorded antiparasitic treatment influenced Balantidium coli and Trichuris suis infection levels. Our results demonstrated that swine intestinal parasitism in intensive farms of Greece seems to be relatively common and highlighted the importance of proper laboratory examinations, as well as the need for tailored made control programs.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence and Risk Factors of Intestinal Parasite Infections in Greek Swine Farrow-To-Finish Farms

et al. 2020

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“…The study on pig farms in Tangerang, West Java, detected 17.3% of E. polecki ST3 (Wardhana et al 2020). Similarly, E. polecki ST3 has been found in pigs in the Honshu Islands, Japan (Komatsu et al 2019). The results of the exploration of pig samples from Kupang also found E. coli (30%) that occurred in Baureta (7%), Nesi Paraf (8%), Penfui (4%), Fatukoa (5%), and Binilaka (6%).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 88%

“…non-pathogenic to swine; however, E. suis and E. polecki have been found to cause severe enteritis. Entamoeba suis is supposed to induce hemorrhagic colitis by invading the lamina propria (Matsubayashi et al 2019). Moreover, E. polecki ST1 and ST3 are associated with proliferative enteritis caused by Lawsonia intracellularis (Matsubayashi et al 2015a(Matsubayashi et al , 2015b(Matsubayashi et al , 2016.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…clinical symptoms such as diarrhea and, on pathological examination, showed swelling of the small intestine, bleeding, ulcers, and necrotic events occurred as well as the presence of inflammatory cells in the lamina propria layer and mucosal tissue (Matsubayashi et al 2019). In addition, histopathological changes indicated the presence of trophozoite infiltration in the colon (Komatsu et al 2019;Wardhana et al 2020). In 2014, researchers reported E. histolytica was pathogenic in pig farms and had zoonotic problems.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Species diversity of Entamoeba and gastrointestinal parasites as co-infection in pigs in Kupang, East Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia

et al. 2023

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Abstract. Chrismanto D, Lastuti NDR, Suwanti LT, Hastutiek P, Suprihati E, Kurniawati DA, Winarso A. 2023. Species diversity of Entamoeba and gastrointestinal parasites as co infection in pigs in Kupang, East Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 24: 233-240. Protozoa Entamoeba spp. is the causative agent of amoebiasis that can infect humans and livestock. Several species that infect pigs are E. suis, E. polecki, E. histolytica, and E. coli. However, microscopic examination through morphological identification of parasites couldn't determine the genus and species level identity, leading to misdiagnosis. Therefore, molecular techniques are needed for accurate diagnosis with species-specific primers. In this study, 100 fecal samples were collected from pig farms in Kupang, East Nusa Tenggara Province, Indonesia. This study aims to identify, using molecular techniques, the presence of Entamoeba spp. with the SSUrRNA gene as a marker to determine the diversity of Entamoeba species in pigs and to detect co-infection with other gastrointestinal parasites in Kupang. The result was found: E. suis 98% (98/100), E. polecki 44% (44/100), E. polecki ST3 10% (10/100), and E. coli 20% (30/100) spread on pig farms in 8 villages in Kupang. Furthermore, E. polecki ST3 and E. coli finding show that pigs in several areas in Kupang are infected with potentially zoonotic species. In addition to finding various species of Entamoeba by Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) amplification, based on microscopic examination, other gastrointestinal parasites were also found as co-infections, namely: Eimeria sp. (34%), Cystoisospora suis (30%), Strongyloides sp. (34%), Oesophagostomum sp. (51%), Metastrongylus sp. (18%), and Trichuris suis (8%). That is the first report concerning mixed infections with E. suis, E. polecki ST3, E. coli, and other gastrointestinal parasites in pigs in Kupang, Indonesia.

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“…This is primarily due to damage to the villi and surface area of the small intestine, which impairs proper nutrient absorption. Additionally, C. suis has the potential to alter the intestinal epithelium and gut microbiota, resulting in decreased nutrient absorption [22,50]. Studies in gnotobiotic piglets suggested that C. suis is the primary pathogen [13], while co-infections with bacteria (e.g.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The strong influence of management factors on coccidian infections in smallholder pig farms and the first molecular identification ofCystoisospora suisin Myanmar

Bawm

Chel

Khaing³

et al. 2022

Parasite

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A cross-sectional study was conducted to investigate coccidian infection and associated factors in smallholder pigs, and to identify Cystoisospora oocysts by PCR. A total of 500 pig faecal samples from 330 smallholder farms were collected in Nay Pyi Taw, Myanmar. The faecal flotation method was used to identify Eimeria and Cystoisospora species, and oocyst counts per gram (OPG) of faeces were recorded. Oocysts were differentiated after sporulation. Oocyst DNA was subjected to ITS1-targeted Cystoisospora-specific PCR. The overall coccidian oocyst detection rate by microscopic was 89.0% (445/500). Among the studied samples, 74.0% (370/500) and 70.6% (353/500), were found to be positive with Eimeria spp. and Cystoisospora suis oocysts, respectively. The sequences of C. suis detected were 100% identical to those of C. suis reported from Japan, and had 99.5% resemblance to sequences from Australia and China. Weaner pigs showed the significantly highest (p < 0.05) OPG when compared to other age groups. The highest intensity of coccidian infection (p < 0.05) was found in pigs fed local feed, pigs raised on earthen floors and pigs under poor hygienic conditions. Factors such as age, breed, feed type, and housing floors were found to be significantly associated with coccidian infection (p < 0.05). Age, as well as management factors including floor type, feed type, and hygiene practices on the farm, had a strong influence on the occurrence of coccidian infection in pigs. This is the first study in Myanmar on coccidian infection in pigs and molecular detection of C. suis.

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Retrospective and Histopathological Studies of <i>Entamoeba</i> spp. and Other Pathogens Associated with Diarrhea and Wasting in Pigs in Aichi Prefecture, Japan

Cited by 7 publications

References 37 publications

Prevalence and Risk Factors of Intestinal Parasite Infections in Greek Swine Farrow-To-Finish Farms

Prevalence and Risk Factors of Intestinal Parasite Infections in Greek Swine Farrow-To-Finish Farms

Species diversity of Entamoeba and gastrointestinal parasites as co-infection in pigs in Kupang, East Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia

The strong influence of management factors on coccidian infections in smallholder pig farms and the first molecular identification ofCystoisospora suisin Myanmar

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