Retrospective Drug Use pattern of Antibiotics in Pediatric Ward of Shenan Gibe Hospital, Oromia Region, Ethiopia

Abstract

Background: Antibiotics are one of the most widely used groups of drugs. The development of antimicrobial drugs represents one of the most important advances in therapeutics. Irrational and uncontrolled use of these agents both in developing and developed countries has resulted in an evolution of resistant strains in addition to poor health outcome. Despite this fact antimicrobial agents are vastly over prescribed in inpatient setting and the availability of antimicrobial agents without prescription in many developing countries. The use antimicrobial agents in Infants and children have become a routine practice for the treatment of pediatric illness and it needs study to show the status and pattern of antimicrobial in this age group is critical hence they are most vulnerable population groups to counteract illness. AbstractObjective: To assess the pattern of antibiotics use among hospitalized Pediatric patients in pediatric ward of Shenen Gibe Hospital, May 2015. Methods:A retrospective cross-sectional study design was used to collect data from patient medical history records from previous one year data and Data was collected by using pre-tested structured tool which is adapted from review of different literatures.Result: Three hundred twenty three pediatrics medical history cards with antibiotics were reviewed in this study. Majority of participants 188(58.2%) were males and 197(61%) and belongs to age group 0-4 years with mean age of 3.5 years. Regarding duration of hospitalization for 200 (61.9%) was 5 to 9 days with median duration of 5.7 days. Majority of patients 251(77.7%) were treated empirically. Pneumonia was single most common reason for hospitalization which accounts 125 (38.7%) followed by Sepsis 49 (15.2%) and acute gastro enteritis 41(12.7%). The most commonly used antibiotic combinations were Ceftriaxone + Gentamicin 97(32.8%). Antibiotics were prescribed with correct dose for 294(91%) and correct frequency for 280(86.7%) and 316(97.6%) were treated with injections.