Retrospective investigation and evolutionary analysis of a novel porcine deltacoronavirus strain detected in Thailand from 2008 to 2015

Saeng‐chuto, Kepalee; Stott, Christopher James; Wegner, Matthew; Senasuthum, Raweewan; Tantituvanont, Angkana; Nilubol, Dachrit

doi:10.1007/s00705-017-3331-3

Cited by 24 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…In the phylogenetic analysis, most of the global PDCoV strains could be divided into three lineages: the China lineage, the USA/Japan/South Korea lineage and the Viet Nam/Laos/Thailand lineage, this is consistent with previous reports (Lorsirigool et al, 2016;Saeng-Chuto et al, 2017b). Three sequenced strains (CH-HA1, CH-HA2 and CH-HA3), which formed a new monophyletic branch, were most closely related to the Viet Nam/Laos/Thailand lineage strains.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

“…Several genetic and phylogenetic analyses using S genes or complete genomes have indicated that the global PDCoV strains separated clearly into three lineages: the China lineage, the USA/Japan/South Korea lineage and the Viet Nam/Laos/Thailand lineage (Mai et al, 2018;Saeng-Chuto et al, 2017b;Suzuki et al, 2018). In the present study, to further investigate the epidemiology and phylogenetics of PDCoV in China, a total of 719 porcine samples from 18 provinces in China from 2016 to 2018 were simultaneously tested for PDCoV and PEDV.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 91%

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Detection and spike gene characterization in porcine deltacoronavirus in China during 2016–2018

Cheng

Xing

et al. 2019

Infection, Genetics and Evolution

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A B S T R A C TPorcine deltacoronavirus (PDCoV) has been emerging in several swine-producing countries for years. In our study, 719 porcine diarrhoea samples from 18 provinces in China were collected for PDCoV and porcine epidemic diarrhoea virus (PEDV) detection. The epidemiological survey revealed that the positive rates of PDCoV, PEDV and coinfection were 13.07%, 36.72% and 4.73%, respectively. The entire spike (S) genes of eleven detected PDCoV strains were sequenced. Phylogenetic analysis showed that the majority of PDCoVs could be divided into three lineages: the China lineage, the USA/Japan/South Korea lineage and the Viet Nam/Laos/ Thailand lineage. The China and the Viet Nam/Laos/Thailand lineages showed much greater genetic divergences than the USA/Japan/South Korea lineage. The present study detected one new monophyletic branch that contained three PDCoVs from China, and this branch was separated from the China lineage but closely related to the Viet Nam/Laos/Thailand lineage. The strain CH-HA2-2017, which belongs to this new branch, had a possible recombination event between positions 27 and 1234. Significant amino acid substitutions of PDCoV S proteins were analysed and displayed with a three-dimensional cartoon diagram. The visual spatial location of these substitutions gave a conformational-based reference for further studies on the significance of critical sites on the PDCoV S protein.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Detection and spike gene characterization in porcine deltacoronavirus in China during 2016–2018

Cheng

Xing

et al. 2019

Infection, Genetics and Evolution

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“…In our present study, we found that the prevalences of PDCoV, PEDV and PDCoV + PEDV in Tibetan pigs were significantly lower than in pigs in other provinces of China (Dong et al., ; Song et al., ), South Korea (Jang, Lee, Kim, & Lee, ), Thailand (Janetanakit et al., ; Saeng‐Chuto et al., ) and the United States(Wang et al., ). The prevalence of PDCoV in Tibetan pigs was relatively low (3.70%), and only piglets were affected.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 44%

“…After the first report of PDCoV infection (Woo et al., ), its prevalence was detected in pigs in several states of the United States, South Korea, mainland China, Southern China and Thailand with majority of piglets having clinical diarrhoeal disease (Dong et al., ; Lee et al., ; Mai et al., ; Saeng‐Chuto et al., ; Wang et al., ). The prevalence of PDCoV in certain regions of the world is intriguing with regard to its epidemiology, evolution and pathogenicity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection and genetic characterization of porcine deltacoronavirus in Tibetan pigs surrounding the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau of China

Wang

Baloch

et al. 2018

Transbound Emerg Dis

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Porcine deltacoronavirus (PDCoV) is a recently discovered RNA virus that belongs to the family Coronaviridae and genus Deltacoronavirus. This virus causes enteric disease in piglets that is characterized by enteritis and diarrhoea. In our present investigation, 189 diarrhoeic samples were collected between July 2016 and May 2017 from Tibetan pigs inhabiting in three different provinces surrounding the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau of China. We then applied the molecular-based method of reverse transcription polymerase chain reactions (RT-PCRs) to detect the presence of PDCoV in collected samples, and RT-PCR indicated that the prevalence of PDCoV was 3.70% (7/189) in Tibetan pigs. Four of 7 PDCoV-positive pigs were monoinfections of PDCoV, three samples were co-infections of PDCoV with porcine epidemic diarrhoea virus (PEDV), and 52 (27.51%) samples were positive for PEDV. Four strains with different full-length genomes were identified (CHN/GS/2016/1, CHN/GS/2016/2, CHN/GS-/2017/1 and CHN/QH/2017/1), and their genomes were used to analyse the characteristics of PDCoV currently prevalent in Tibetan pigs. We found a 3-nt insertion in the spike gene in four strains in Tibetan pigs. Phylogenetic analysis of the complete genome and spike and nucleocapsid gene sequences revealed that these strains shared ancestors with the strain CHN-AH-2004, which was found in pigs from the Anhui province of China mainland. However, PDCoV strains from Tibetan pigs formed different branches within the same cluster, implying continuous evolution in the field. Our present findings highlight the importance of epidemiologic surveillance to limit the spread of PDCoV in livestock at high altitudes in China.

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“…PDCoV infection is marked by acute, watery diarrhea and vomiting, ultimately leading to dehydration and mortality in suckling piglets Ma et al, 2015). Since its first discovery in Hong Kong in 2012 (Woo et al, 2012), this virus has emerged globally, especially in the North American and Asian pigproducing countries Madapong et al, 2016;Saeng-Chuto et al, 2017;Song et al, 2015;Wang et al, 2015;Woo et al, 2012;Li et al, 2014;Marthaler et al, 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Porcine deltacoronavirus induces caspase-dependent apoptosis through activation of the cytochrome c-mediated intrinsic mitochondrial pathway

Lee

2018

Virus Research

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Porcine deltacoronavirus (PDCoV), a newly discovered enteric coronavirus, is a causative agent of severe clinical diarrhea and intestinal pathological damage in piglets. As a first step toward understanding the effect of PDCoV on host cells, we elucidated mechanisms underlying the process of apoptotic cell death after PDCoV infection. The use of a pan-caspase inhibitor resulted in the inhibition of PDCoV-induced apoptosis and reduction of PDCoV replication, suggestive of the association of a caspase-dependent pathway. Furthermore, PDCoV infection necessitated the activation of the initiator caspase-9 responsible for the intrinsic mitochondrial apoptosis pathway. Experimental data indicated that PDCoV infection led to Bax-mediated mitochondrial outer membrane permeabilization (MOMP), resulting in specific relocation of the mitochondrial cytochrome c (cyt c) into the cytoplasm. Treatment with cyclosporin A (CsA), an inhibitor of mitochondrial permeability transition pore (MPTP) opening, significantly suppressed PDCoV-triggered apoptosis and viral replication. Moreover, cyt c release was completely abrogated in PDCoV-infected cells in the presence of CsA, suggesting the critical role of MPTP in intrinsic apoptosis in response to PDCoV infection. Altogether, our results indicate that PDCoV infection stimulates MOMP either via Bax recruitment or MPTP opening to permit the release of apoptogenic cyt c into the cytoplasm, thereby leading to execution of the caspase-dependent intrinsic apoptosis pathway to facilitate viral replication in vitro.

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Retrospective investigation and evolutionary analysis of a novel porcine deltacoronavirus strain detected in Thailand from 2008 to 2015

Cited by 24 publications

References 14 publications

Detection and spike gene characterization in porcine deltacoronavirus in China during 2016–2018

Detection and spike gene characterization in porcine deltacoronavirus in China during 2016–2018

Detection and genetic characterization of porcine deltacoronavirus in Tibetan pigs surrounding the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau of China

Porcine deltacoronavirus induces caspase-dependent apoptosis through activation of the cytochrome c-mediated intrinsic mitochondrial pathway

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