Retrospective measurements of airborne 129Iodine in Austria

Jabbar, Tania; Wallner, Gabriele; Steier, Peter; Katzlberger, Christian; Kandler, Norbert

doi:10.1016/j.jenvrad.2012.05.010

Cited by 9 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…27 Almost all reported total 129 I data in aerosols were obtained by extraction using of 0.5 mol/L NaOH and 0.025 mol/L NaHSO 3 with assistance of ultrasonic bath. 12,13,22 However, the large fraction of insoluble 129 I and 127 I up to 60% of total iodine in aerosols observed in this work and our previous work 27 might imply an underestimation of 129 I concentrations when only NaOH leaching method is used. A method of alkaline ashing with assistance of K 2 S 2 O 5 presented in this work or combustion might have to be applied for reliable determination of total 129 I and 127 I in aerosol samples.…”

Section: Analytical Performancecontrasting

confidence: 50%

“…12,13,22 Based on the above results, 129 I concentrations in aerosols might be underestimated when leaching at room temperature even without consideration of NaOH insoluble iodine in aerosol.…”

Section: Naoh Soluble Iodinementioning

confidence: 79%

“…Alkaline leaching using NaOH-Na 2 SO 3 , microwave-assisted acid digestion, pyrolysis and alkaline ashing have been used for extract total iodine from aerosol samples. 14,18,19,21,22 Among these methods, acid digestion with pressure or microwaveassist might cause iodine loss due to formation of volatile molecular iodine and hydrogen iodide, which are chemically active and easily react with the materials of the canister such as TEFLON. Meanwhile, the limited volume of digestion canister is incapable to treat adequate amount of filter for speciation analysis of 129 I.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Meanwhile, the limited volume of digestion canister is incapable to treat adequate amount of filter for speciation analysis of 129 I. So far, almost all the reports on determination of total 129 I in aerosols employed alkaline leaching at room temperature for 1-2 days, 12,13,22 but no data confirms a complete extraction of total iodine from aerosol by this method. Only few works on determination of total and water insoluble 127 I of aerosol were implemented using instrumental neutron activation analysis (INAA), 20 which do not need to decompose sample.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Speciation Analysis of ¹²⁹I and ¹²⁷I in Aerosols Using Sequential Extraction and Mass Spectrometry Detection

Zhang

Hou

2015

Anal. Chem.

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A new analytical method has been developed for speciation analysis of (127)I and (129)I in aerosols collected on polypropylene (PP) filter paper. Iodide, iodate, NaOH soluble iodine, and insoluble iodine were separated from aerosols using sequential extraction, chromatography separation, and alkaline ashing and measured using inductive coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) for (127)I and accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) for (129)I. Parameters affecting the leaching efficiency and stability of iodine species, such as leaching time and temperature, amount of alkaline reagent for ashing, ashing temperature and time, and iodine protective agent, were investigated and optimized. It was observed that long time water leaching would change inorganic iodine species due to photochemical oxidation of iodide on the PP filter surface. NaOH leaching can only extract less than 60% of iodine from the studied aerosol filters even under heating, implying that total (129)I in aerosol might be underestimated by NaOH leaching. The addition of a reductive agent significantly reduced the loss of iodine during alkaline ashing from more than 35% to 4%, efficiently improving the separation efficiency of iodine in aerosols. Speciation analysis of (129)I and (127)I in aerosol samples collected at Risø, Denmark using the developed method shows that the measured values of total (129)I and (127)I are in good agreement with the sum of all iodine species for each isotope, confirming the reliability of the proposed method. Similar distribution patterns between (129)I and (127)I species show that iodine is enriched in NaOH leachable and insoluble species and depleted in water-soluble species, as observed in all aerosol samples.

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Section: Analytical Performancecontrasting

confidence: 50%

Section: Naoh Soluble Iodinementioning

confidence: 79%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Speciation Analysis of ¹²⁹I and ¹²⁷I in Aerosols Using Sequential Extraction and Mass Spectrometry Detection

Zhang

Hou

2015

Anal. Chem.

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“…A historical record of dry deposition of 129 I in Vienna, Austria, over four decades back to the 1960s followed a distinct European fingerprint of 129 I gaseous emissions and decreased with passage of time from 1980 onward (Jabbar et al, 2012b). While at Southern and Northern Sweden, time series of 129 I concentrations in aerosol samples reflected strong correlation with 129 I liquid discharges from Sellafield and La Hague reprocessing facilities.…”

Section: Distribution Of 129 I In Airmentioning

confidence: 97%