Retrospective study maxillofacial fractures epidemiology and treatment plans in Southeast of Iran

Abstract

BackgroundThe epidemiology of facial injuries varies in different countries and geographic zones. Population concentration, lifestyle, cultural background, and socioeconomic status can affect the prevalence of maxillofacial injuries. Therefore, in this study, we evaluated the maxillofacial fractures epidemiology and treatment plans in hospitalized patients (2012-2014) which would be useful for better policy making strategies.Material and MethodsIn this retrospective study, the medical records of 386 hospitalized patients were evaluated from the department of maxillofacial surgery at Bahonar Hospital of Kerman, Iran. The type and cause of fractures and treatment plans were recorded in a checklist. For data analysis, ANOVA, t-test, Chi-square, and Fisher’s exact test were performed, using SPSS version 21.ResultsThe majority of patients were male (76.5%). Most subjects were within the age range of 20-30 years. Fractures were mostly caused by accidents, particularly motorcycle accidents (MCAs), and the most common site of involvement was the mandible (parasymphysis). There was a significant association between the type of treatment and age. In fact, the age group of 16-59 years under went open reduction internal fixation (ORIF) more than other age groups (P=0.02). Also, a significant association was observed between gender and the occurrence of fractures (P=0.01).ConclusionsConsidering the geographic and cultural indices of the evaluated population, it can be concluded that patients age and gender and trauma causes significantly affect the prevalence of maxillofacial traumas and fracture kinds and treatment plans. Key words:Epidemiology, treatment, facial injuries, face fractures, maxillofacial trauma, trauma.

Prevalence of Maxillofacial Traumas in a Hospital of the Interior of Brazil

“…The results showed that the highest prevalence of facial trauma is in men, as shown in other studies [2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12]. The most affected age group was 18 to 40 years (young adult stage), corresponding to 67.4%.…”

“…Motorcycle accidents as cause of facial trauma were also the most prevalent in the study by Silva et al [11], being responsible for 44% of all cases. However, the literature has reported a gradual change in the etiology of facial fractures, with interpersonal violence overcoming the vehicles accident as the most common cause [3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15]. Although in recent years many traffic policies have been instituted aiming a greater safety in public roads [16], many laws, such as the compulsory use of helmets and driver's licenses, are not respected in small towns that prevail in the Jequitinhonha valley.…”

“…Considering that the city of Diamantina is the center pole of the Jequitinhonha Expanded Health Region, being then reference for 24 cities, it is verified that it is fulfilling well its role in the regionalization of health. The percentage of treatment for multiple facial fractures was higher than the other procedures (54.7%), even than the single mandible fractures that are mentioned by some authors as the most prevalent [2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18]. The treatment of simple facial fractures was reported by Montovani et al [6] in 72.3% of the cases in a study conducted in the interior of the state of São Paulo.…”

“…The incidence of oral and maxillofacial injuries can be related to geographic region, time, temporal, and climatic influences [5]. In addition, characteristics of the studied population, such as gender, age, alcohol and drug use, domestic violence, and clinical conditions like osteoporosis are other factors that should be considered when evaluating the epidemiology of facial traumas [6][7][8]. Although there is a large amount of available literature on the epidemiology of facial trauma, the importance of establishing the characteristics related to its occurrence in specific regions has already been highlighted.…”

Evaluation of Influencing Factors and commonly Involving Side in Maxillofacial Injuries in Road Traffic Accidents by Motorized Two Wheelers: A Cross-sectional Study

“…The majority (24.8%) of injuries were due to two wheeler vs two-wheeler accidents, 20.9% of injuries are due to selffall/skid, 19% of injuries by two wheelers met accidents with four wheelers and had poly trauma, 18.7% of accidents by pedestrians crossing, and 16.7% by animal crossing. Samieirad et al 20 reported that left injuries were common next to bilateral injuries. Das et al, 8 Chakranarayan et al 9 reported…”