Retrospective study of 14 cases of canine arthritis secondary to <i>Leishmania</i> infection

Sbrana, Silvia; Marchetti, Veronica; Mancianti, Francesca; Guidi, Grazia; Bennett, David

doi:10.1111/jsap.12204

Cited by 23 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Nasal lesions may also be sampled using brush cytology . Similarly, when clinical or clinicopathologic patterns are consistent with leishmaniasis, the possible presence of Leishmania should be investigated also in pathologic body fluids such as joint fluids, effusions, or cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), although in this latter sample, cellularity is usually so low that PCR may detect the parasite better than cytology . When cutaneous lesions, nodular lesions in other organs, lymph node enlargement, or abnormal accumulation of fluids are absent but the clinical suspicion of leishmaniasis is high, the presence of parasites should be investigated in tissues that contain many cells of the monocyte‐macrophage series, such as bone marrow, lymph nodes, or spleen …”

Section: Tests For Etiological Diagnosis That May Support or Confirm mentioning

confidence: 99%

Laboratory tests for diagnosing and monitoring canine leishmaniasis

Paltrinieri

Gradoni

Roura

et al. 2016

Veterinary Clinical Pathol

149

232

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Although several reviews on canine leishmaniasis have been published, none thoroughly described clinicopathologic abnormalities and their clinical usefulness. The aim of this review was to provide information concerning current diagnostic tests relevant for clinical pathologists and from a practical perspective. Specifically, in canine leishmaniasis, nonregenerative normocytic normochromic anemia, thrombocytopenia, or leukogram changes may be present. Clinical chemistry and urinalysis may indicate renal dysfunction (azotemia, decreased urine specific gravity, proteinuria) and an inflammatory/immune response (increased acute phase proteins [APP] or α - and/or γ-globulins). Although a potential gammopathy is usually polyclonal, it may also appear oligo- or monoclonal, especially in dogs coinfected by other vector-borne pathogens. When lesions are accessible to fine-needle aspiration (lymphoadenomegaly, nodular lesions, joint swelling), cytology is strongly advised, as the presence of Leishmania amastigotes in a pattern of pyogranulomatous inflammation or lymphoplasmacytic hyperplasia is diagnostic. If the cytologic pattern is inconclusive, the parasite should be identified by histology/immunohistochemistry or PCR on surgical biopsies. Alternatively, cytology and PCR may be performed on bone marrow samples where amastigotes, along with erythroid hypoplasia, myeloid hyperplasia, plasmacytosis, or secondary dysmyelopoiesis can be observed. Dogs with overt leishmaniasis generally have high antibody titers, while low titers predominate in immunologically resistant infected dogs or in exposed dogs with no parasite confirmation. Quantitative serology is recommended in clinically suspect dogs as high-titer antibodies titers may confirm the clinical diagnosis. In confirmed and treated dogs, renal function and inflammatory/immune response variables should be periodically monitored.

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Section: Tests For Etiological Diagnosis That May Support or Confirm mentioning

confidence: 99%

Laboratory tests for diagnosing and monitoring canine leishmaniasis

Paltrinieri

Gradoni

Roura

et al. 2016

Veterinary Clinical Pathol

149

232

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“…Bei unserem Patienten stellte die Lahmheit der linken Hintergliedmaße das einzige Symptom dar. Dagegen zeigte sich bei den in der Literatur beschriebenen Fällen eine Lahmheit nur in Zusammenhang mit weiteren klinischen Symptomen der Leishmaniose (6,8,15,35,39,42).…”

Section: Diskussionunclassified

“…Die rechte Hintergliedmaße zeigte eine geringgradige Lahmheit mit geringgradiger Beugehemmung im Tarsalgelenk ohne Schmerzhaftigkeit bei Palpation. Eine bilaterale Gelenkbeteiligung ist bei Leishmaniose beschrieben (35). Aufgrund eines fehlenden Traumas könnte dies als mögliche Ursache angesehen werden.…”

Section: Diskussionunclassified

Leishmania-infantum-bedingte Knochenläsionen bei einem Hund

Wallborn¹,

Söffler²,

Winkels³

et al. 2016

Tierarztl Prax Ausg K

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A 3-year-old Labrador Retriever originating from Spain was presented with a left-sided hind limb lameness for several months. The orthopedic examination revealed a pain response when palpating the left tarsal joint. Radiographic and computed tomographic studies showed polyostotic, aggressive osteolytic bone lesions with mild erosive arthritis. The diagnosis of canine leishmaniasis was confirmed by bone biopsy and the detection of the pathogen by PCR. Three weeks after initiation of therapy with allopurinol, the dog presented no signs of lameness. Eight months after start of therapy, radiographic examination revealed moderate regression of the osteolytic bone lesions.

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“…Two months later, another synovial biopsy was performed, showing complete disappearance of the intracellular parasites ( b ) (H&E stained; original magnification × 10 [inset Giemsa stained; original magnification × 400]) together with a negative result of synovial tissue PCR testing for Leishmania . These findings demonstrate that, as described in dogs , leishmaniasis could localize in human synovium, and a negative PCR finding in SF does not rule out the presence of the parasitic infection. Since leishmaniasis is known to recur in immunocompromised subjects , we suggest a pathologic synovial examination in patients with previous Leishmania infection and otherwise unexplained arthritis.…”

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confidence: 57%