Retrospective Study of Cystic Echinococcosis (CE) Based on Hospital Record from Five Major Metropolitan Cities of Pakistan

Muqaddas, Hira; Arshad, Muhammad; Ahmed, Haroon; Mehmood, Naunain; Khan, Aisha; Şimşek, Sami

doi:10.2478/s11686-019-00109-w

“…The PCR-RFLP data revealed that the species circulating in human and animals of study areas are either E. granulosus or E. multilocularis, though E. granulosus was predominant. These findings are in accordance with previous studies conducted locally and worldwide (Muqaddas et al 2019;Guo et al 2019). Another local study which used same primers and enzyme for RFLP based analysis has also reported the abundance of E. granulosus in the collected samples (Ali et al 2015).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Molecular and Biochemical Characterization of Echinococcus Spp. In Hydatid Cyst Fluid Collected From Human and Livestock in Northern Khyber Pakhtunkhwa and Gilgit Baltistan

2021

THE JAPS

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0

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The Echinoccocus spp. infection results in cystic or alveolar echinococcosis causing billions of dollars loss to the international economy in respect of expensive medical treatments, permanent loss of entire or part of organ, and a substantial decrease in livestock productivity. Therefore, the study was designed with objectives to know existence of the species, their genotypes and biochemical profile of hydatid cyst fluids of Echinococci in the samples collected from northern Khyber Pakhtunkhwa and Gilgit Baltistan. Cyst samples (n = 46) were collected from two different sources i.e. livestock and human (n=34 and n=12, respectively). PCR-RFLP based analysis was used to investigate the mitochondrial gene (rrnL, large subunit of ribosomal RNA) based species detection and genotyping. Biochemical assay of all hydatid cyst fluid was performed to analyze the concentration of various parameters i.e. uric acid, glucose and triglyceride etc. One-way ANOVA followed by Tukey's post-hoc test was also performed to determine the statistically significant differences among the biochemical parameters. Among all collected cysts, 56.5% (n=26) were positive for Echinococcus granulosus while 43.4% (n=20) were detected as Echinococcus multilocularis. Genotyping of the positive E. granulosus revealed the highest frequency (>90%) of G1-3 genotype while G6 genotype was found at low level (<10%). In case of human, all samples were positive for G1-3 genotype. Biochemical analysis of cyst fluids showed a significant (P ≤ 0.05) interspecies variation in all tested parameters. In conclusion, E. granulosus and E. multilocularis are found frequently in northern KP and Gilgit Baltistan. Further, E. granulosus sensu stricto (G1-3) and G6 genotypes are responsible for infections in both human and animals. A comprehensive surveillance program in whole northern Pakistan is needed for effective prevention/control of Echinococcus species.

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“…The PCR-RFLP data revealed that the species circulating in human and animals of study areas are either E. granulosus or E. multilocularis, though E. granulosus was predominant. These findings are in accordance with previous studies conducted locally and worldwide (Muqaddas et al 2019;Guo et al 2019). Another local study which used same primers and enzyme for RFLP based analysis has also reported the abundance of E. granulosus in the collected samples (Ali et al 2015).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Examination of the Relationship Among Plant Characteristics Affecting Yield in Pea Plants With Mars Algorithm

2021

THE JAPS

0

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The Echinoccocus spp. infection results in cystic or alveolar echinococcosis causing billions of dollars loss to the international economy in respect of expensive medical treatments, permanent loss of entire or part of organ, and a substantial decrease in livestock productivity. Therefore, the study was designed with objectives to know existence of the species, their genotypes and biochemical profile of hydatid cyst fluids of Echinococci in the samples collected from northern Khyber Pakhtunkhwa and Gilgit Baltistan. Cyst samples (n = 46) were collected from two different sources i.e. livestock and human (n=34 and n=12, respectively). PCR-RFLP based analysis was used to investigate the mitochondrial gene (rrnL, large subunit of ribosomal RNA) based species detection and genotyping. Biochemical assay of all hydatid cyst fluid was performed to analyze the concentration of various parameters i.e. uric acid, glucose and triglyceride etc. One-way ANOVA followed by Tukey's post-hoc test was also performed to determine the statistically significant differences among the biochemical parameters. Among all collected cysts, 56.5% (n=26) were positive for Echinococcus granulosus while 43.4% (n=20) were detected as Echinococcus multilocularis. Genotyping of the positive E. granulosus revealed the highest frequency (>90%) of G1-3 genotype while G6 genotype was found at low level (<10%). In case of human, all samples were positive for G1-3 genotype. Biochemical analysis of cyst fluids showed a significant (P ≤ 0.05) interspecies variation in all tested parameters. In conclusion, E. granulosus and E. multilocularis are found frequently in northern KP and Gilgit Baltistan. Further, E. granulosus sensu stricto (G1-3) and G6 genotypes are responsible for infections in both human and animals. A comprehensive surveillance program in whole northern Pakistan is needed for effective prevention/control of Echinococcus species.

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“…Clinical disease in young adults can have detrimental impacts on the local workforce and economy (Amini et al, 2008;Mousavi et al, 2012). The largest numbers of cysts were obtained from the liver and lungs, which is in line with studies from other geographic locations in Pakistan Khan et al, 2019c;Muqaddas et al, 2019;Butt et al, 2020). These finding are also similar to those found in Turkey (Akalin et al, 2014), Iran (Mahmoudi et al, 2019;Khazaei et al, 2016;Aliabadi et al, 2015), Tanzania (Ernest et al, 2010), Kyrgyzstan (Torgerson et al, 2003), and Italy (Conchedda et al, 2010).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 76%

“…The majority of cases presenting to SKMCH & RC during 2007 -2018 were from Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Province, which is a neighboring province to Punjab. A recent retrospective study conducted on hospital records from five major metropolitan cities located in Pakistan showed that the majority of treated patients were from Sindh Province (67.5 %), with 32.4 % of the patients from Punjab (Muqaddas et al, 2019). However, there has yet to be a study that evaluates the regional frequency of human CE cases in Pakistan.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Demographics of cystic echinococcosis patients treated surgically in Lahore, Pakistan: A single centre study from 2007 – 2018

Rasib

¹

,

Khan

²

,

Ahmed

³

et al. 2021

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Summary Cystic echinococcosis (CE) is a zoonotic disease caused by the larval stage of Echinococcus granulosus tapeworms. These parasites have a worldwide geographic distribution and pose a serious threat to livestock industry as well as human health in the endemic areas. CE is widely distributed in Pakistan. However, very few reports are available related to the regional transmission of E. granulosus. A retrospective analysis was conducted of surgically confirmed CE patients who were treated at Shoukat Khanum Memorial Cancer Hospital and Research Centre in Lahore, Punjab Province, Pakistan from 2007 – 2018. In total, 536 CE patients were evaluated during the study period. Cases originated from the provinces of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (n=336), Punjab (n=147), Baluchistan (n=18), Sindh (n=3), Islamabad (n=2), Gilgit Baltistan (n=1), and Azad Jammu and Kashmir (n=1). An additional 28 cases were from Afghanistan. The highest number of CE cases was reported in 2013 (n=90). Females made up a larger proportion of cases (n=310; 57.8 %) than males (n=226; 42.2 %). Most patients were members of the Pashtun (n=197; 36.7 %), Hindku (n=142; 26.5 %), and Punjabi (n=118; 22.0 %) ethnic groups. The largest number of cysts was obtained from the liver (137/536; 25.6 %). This study showed that CE is likely present throughout Pakistan. In order to control the disease, a comprehensive control program and regional surveillance are needed.

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Retrospective Study of Cystic Echinococcosis (CE) Based on Hospital Record from Five Major Metropolitan Cities of Pakistan

Cited by 18 publications

References 20 publications

Molecular and Biochemical Characterization of Echinococcus Spp. In Hydatid Cyst Fluid Collected From Human and Livestock in Northern Khyber Pakhtunkhwa and Gilgit Baltistan

Molecular and Biochemical Characterization of Echinococcus Spp. In Hydatid Cyst Fluid Collected From Human and Livestock in Northern Khyber Pakhtunkhwa and Gilgit Baltistan

Examination of the Relationship Among Plant Characteristics Affecting Yield in Pea Plants With Mars Algorithm

Demographics of cystic echinococcosis patients treated surgically in Lahore, Pakistan: A single centre study from 2007 – 2018

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