Retrospective Study of Vertical Ground Deformation in Como, Northern Italy: Integration of Levelling and Psi Measurements

Abstract

Abstract. Subsidence-related vertical ground deformation due to natural and anthropogenic factors may lead to considerable damages to structures and infrastructures, and may increase the occurrence probability of consequential events, such as floods, especially on sea and lake shores. Como city, placed in the north of Italy, adjacent to Como Lake, is subjected to significant subsidence phenomenon, which has been monitored by geodetic levelling networks. In this work the historical geodetic levelling measurements and satellite-based Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) data archive are integrated to assess the accuracy of Atmospheric Delay and Deformation Rate estimations obtained through Persistent Scatter Interferometry (PSI) techniques. Tree levelling measurement datasets acquired in 1990, 1997 and 2004 are used in order to obtain the precise deformation rate at the benchmarks for two periods of 1990–1997 and 1997–2004. For multi-temporal InSAR analysis, 106 SAR images (1992–2004) and 41 SAR images (1992–2004) in Ascending Track orbit from ERS-1/2 missions are used in this study. The assessment is performed through a statistical comparison between two sets of vertical land deformation rates obtained by integrated methods. The results of the validation represented a good consistency between deformation rates derived by both techniques. Also, this study has revealed the potential of SAR images acquired in gyro-less mode by ERS-2 mission (2001–2004) in terms of the estimation of ground deformation.

Basilica Di San Giacomo in Como (Italy): Drawings and Hbim to Manage Archeological, Conservative and Structural Activities

“…In particular, the area where the Basilica di San stands has been intensively affected by this phenomenon, due to the weakness of the terrain resulting from the historical stratifications of the town (Nappo et al, 2020). A reconstruction of all available and reliable general levelling measurements in the city (see Colombo et al, 1998) was done, and partially compared with synchronous medium resolution InSAR data based on ERS1/2 constellations (Eskandari, 2022). This part is presented and discussed in Eskandari and Scaioni (2023).…”

“…A reconstruction of all available and reliable general levelling measurements in the city (see Colombo et al, 1998) was done, and partially compared with synchronous medium resolution InSAR data based on ERS1/2 constellations (Eskandari, 2022). This part is presented and discussed in Eskandari and Scaioni (2023).…”

European Ground Motion Service for Bridge Monitoring: Temporal and Thermal Deformation Cross-Check Using Cosmo-Skymed Insar

“…Also, the Amplitude Stability Index (𝐼 ) map is generated considering MT SAR images. Considering a Minimum Spanning Tree (MST) image connection configuration, the interferograms are produced, and the spatial coherence 𝛾 of the pixels have been calculated (Eskandari, 2022). Among the initially selected pixels, Persistent Scatterers (PSs), i.e., pixels with high quality of amplitude and phase components, have been selected according to the criterion of…”