Retrospective study on necrotizing enteritis in piglets in Switzerland

Jaggi, Michael; Wollschläger, N.; Abril, Carlos; Albini, Sarah; Brachelente, Chiara; Wyder, Marianne; Posthaus, Horst

doi:10.1024/0036-7281.151.8.369

Cited by 19 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Vascular thrombosis of small and medium-sized vessels occurs in the mucosa of affected smallintestine segments in the acute form of type C enteritis in piglets and humans (12,14,20,21). This observation has received little attention because vascular damage has been considered a direct consequence of widespread epithelial necrosis (21,43).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Acute C. perfringens type C enteritis in animals and humans is characterized by segmental mucosal necrosis and hemorrhage of the small intestine and, in fewer cases, the large intestine (6,14,20,23). Vascular thrombosis of small and medium-sized vessels occurs in the mucosa of affected smallintestine segments in the acute form of type C enteritis in piglets and humans (12,14,20,21).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition to these marked necrohemorrhagic lesions, thrombosis of small vessels in the lamina propria and submucosa is a consistent finding (12,14). A more protracted clinical course of type C enteritis is seen mainly in piglets that die when they are 1 to 3 weeks old (12,14,43). The pathological lesion is a segmental to diffuse fibrino-necrotizing enteritis.…”

mentioning

confidence: 92%

“…These animals were necropsied immediately after they were euthanized, and they were subsequently diagnosed with type C enteritis based on classical macroscopic (Fig. 1A) and histopathological lesions in combination with isolation of C. perfringens type C from the intestine (1,14). Tissues from a piglet which was euthanized and diagnosed with coccidiosis based on histopathological and parasitological evaluations were used as controls.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…piglets within the first few days postpartum (12,14,43). Macroscopic lesions at necropsy are pathognomonic, with deep, segmental mucosal necrosis and massive hemorrhage in the small intestine.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Infect Immun

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Clostridium perfringens type C isolates cause fatal, segmental necro-hemorrhagic enteritis in animals and humans. Typically, acute intestinal lesions result from extensive mucosal necrosis and hemorrhage in the proximal jejunum. These lesions are frequently accompanied by microvascular thrombosis in affected intestinal segments. In previous studies we demonstrated that there is endothelial localization of C. perfringens type C ␤-toxin (CPB) in acute lesions of necrotizing enteritis. This led us to hypothesize that CPB contributes to vascular necrosis by directly damaging endothelial cells. By performing additional immunohistochemical studies using spontaneously diseased piglets, we confirmed that CPB binds to the endothelial lining of vessels showing early signs of thrombosis. To investigate whether CPB can disrupt the endothelium, we exposed primary porcine aortic endothelial cells to C. perfringens type C culture supernatants and recombinant CPB. Both treatments rapidly induced disruption of the actin cytoskeleton, cell border retraction, and cell shrinkage, leading to destruction of the endothelial monolayer in vitro. These effects were followed by cell death. Cytopathic and cytotoxic effects were inhibited by neutralization of CPB. Taken together, our results suggest that CPB-induced disruption of endothelial cells may contribute to the pathogenesis of C. perfringens type C enteritis.

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