Return to Play in Elite Rugby Union: Application of Global Positioning System Technology in Return-to-Running Programs

Reid, Laura C.; Cowman, Jason R.; Green, Brian S.; Coughlan, Garrett F.

doi:10.1123/jsr.22.2.122

Cited by 26 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…This result is in contrast with previous research, [3,[10][11][12] which has reported backs covering a higher amount of relative distance than forwards. Notably, these previous studies have also reported higher relative speeds for backs than the present study, while the relative distance covered by forwards was comparable.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 56%

“…[9] To date, only four studies have been published describing the movement characteristics of elite professional rugby union players. [3,[10][11][12] The first two of these, Cunniffe et al [3] and Coughlan et al, [10] used similar methodology: tracking a single forward and a single back during an international rugby union match. The results were similar: players covered >6 500 m in both studies and the backs performed a greater number of high-intensity runs and reached greater maximal speeds than the forwards did.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A major limitation of both of these preliminary studies is that they observed only two players on single occasions, and as such it is difficult to generalise this information. Reid et al [12] examined eight players from different positions in a single match and reported a range of relative running distances from 67.0 to 78.2 m.min -1 . Furthermore, they reported that backs covered the most distance walking, while forwards covered the most distance jogging.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Furthermore, they reported that backs covered the most distance walking, while forwards covered the most distance jogging. [12] Cahill et al [11] provided a comprehensive study that observed players from a variety of English Premiership clubs over the course of a season. They showed that although all players covered relatively little distance while sprinting, loose forwards sprinted the most.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Movement and impact characteristics of South African professional rugby union players

Tee¹

2016

S Afr J SM

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Background. Global positioning system (GPS) technology can provide accurate, non-invasive, real-time movement analysis of players participating in team sports. The application of this technology to rugby union will improve training practices by allowing improved understanding of movement characteristics and more individualised programmes. Objectives. To characterise the movement and impact patterns of South African professional rugby union players during match play and compare these to previously reported data. Methods. Nineteen professional rugby players were tracked using GPS systems during 24 matches during the 2013 rugby season. Players were grouped as (i) backs or forwards and (ii) tight forwards, loose forwards, scrumhalves, inside backs or outside backs. Movements were categorised in speed zones corresponding to walking (0 -2 m.s ). Walking and jogging were classified as low-intensity and striding and sprinting as high-intensity movement zones. An inbuilt triaxial accelerometer (sampling frequency 100 Hz) measured the total impacts >5G and high-intensity impacts >8G. All data were normalised to time on field and reported as mean (standard deviation).Results. There was no difference between forwards and backs in relative distance covered. Backs reached higher maximum speeds than forwards (backs 8.8 (1.1) v. forwards 7.6 (1.3) m.s -1 , effect size (ES) 1.0, and outside backs were the fastest positional group (9.4 (0.9) m.s -1 , ES 0.4 -2.2). Players in all positions spent the majority of time walking (79 -84%). Backs covered more distance than forwards in high-intensity speed zones (forwards 11 (5) v. backs 14 (4) m.min -1 , ES 0.7). Tight forwards covered the most distance in low-intensity zones (63 (6) m.min -1 , ES 0.3 -1.7) while scrumhalves ran the most distance in high-intensity zones (20 (5) m.min -1 , ES 1.2 -3.6). Highintensity : low-intensity running ratios ranged from 1:13 (tight forwards) to 1:3 (scrumhalves). Loose forwards and inside backs exhibited similar movement patterns. There was no difference in impact variables between forwards and backs. Inside backs sustained the least total impacts (6.5 (1.2) >5G.min -1 , ES 0.9 -2.0) and high-intensity impacts (0.7 (0.2) >8G.min -1 , ES 0.5 -1.4). Conclusions. There were notable differences in the movement of professional rugby union players in different positions, and effective training programmes should reflect these variations.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 56%

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confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

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Movement and impact characteristics of South African professional rugby union players

Tee¹

2016

S Afr J SM

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“…Recent technological innovations have made GPS athlete-tracking a convenient and popular method to quantify movement patterns and physical demands in sport (1,2,15,26). Global positioning system technology has been used to quantify the physiological demands of sports such as rugby league (4,5,23,39), rugby union (27,43,48), and Australian Rules (28,31). In a study on the validity and reliability of GPS in team sport movement demands, Johnston et al (29) reported that GPS seems to be a practically superior athlete-monitoring system in comparison with other methods (e.g., time-motion analysis, hand notation techniques, video-based systems).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Match-Play Demands of Elite Youth Gaelic Football Using Global Positioning System Tracking

Reilly

Akubat

Lyons

et al. 2015

Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research

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Global positioning systems (GPS) technology has made athlete-tracking a convenient and accepted technique to specify movement patterns and physical demands in sport. The purpose of this study was to examine positional demands of elite youth Gaelic football match-play using portable GPS technology to examine movement patterns and heart rates across match periods. Fifty-six elite youth male Gaelic footballers (age, 15 ± 0.66 years) fitted with portable 4-Hz GPS units were observed during 6 competitive matches (60 minutes). Data provided from the GPS unit included total distance, high-intensity (≥17·km·h(-1)) distance, sprint (≥22 km·h(-1)) distance, and total number of sprints. Heart rate was monitored continuously throughout the games. Players covered a mean distance of 5732 ± 1047 m, and the mean intensity of match-play was 85% of the peak heart rate. There was a significant (p = 0.028) drop in the total distance covered in the second half (2783 ± 599 m) compared with the first half (2948 ± 580 m). In particular, there is a noticeable drop in the distance covered in the third quarter of the game (after half-time), which has implications for re-warming up at the end of the half-time interval. There was a highly significant (p < .001) difference in the distance traveled across the 5 positional groups with midfielders covering the greatest total distance (6740 ± 384 m). The significant differences found with respect to positional groups support the implementation of individual, position-specific strength and conditioning programs.

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Analysis of Tools to Measure the User Experience During the Sports Practice of Recreational Surfing

Caselli

Ferreira

Gonçalves

2016

Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing

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Return to Play in Elite Rugby Union: Application of Global Positioning System Technology in Return-to-Running Programs

Cited by 26 publications

References 16 publications

Movement and impact characteristics of South African professional rugby union players

Movement and impact characteristics of South African professional rugby union players

Match-Play Demands of Elite Youth Gaelic Football Using Global Positioning System Tracking

Analysis of Tools to Measure the User Experience During the Sports Practice of Recreational Surfing

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