Return to Sports and Recurrences After Arthroscopic Anterior Shoulder Stabilization in Martial Arts Athletes

Abstract

Background:The high demands to the glenohumeral joint and the violent shoulder blows experienced during martial arts (MA) could compromise return to sports and increase the recurrence rate after arthroscopic stabilization for anterior shoulder instability in these athletes.Purpose:To report the functional outcomes, return to sports, and recurrences in a series of MA athletes with anterior shoulder instability treated with arthroscopic stabilization with suture anchors.Study Design:Case series; Level of evidence, 4.Methods:A total of 20 consecutive MA athletes were treated for anterior shoulder instability at a single institution between January 2008 and December 2013. Range of motion (ROM), the Rowe score, a visual analog scale (VAS), and the Athletic Shoulder Outcome Scoring System (ASOSS) were used to assess functional outcomes. Return-to-sport and recurrence rates were also evaluated.Results:The mean age at the time of surgery was 25.4 years (range, 18-35 years), and the mean follow-up was 71 months (range, 36-96 months). No significant difference in preoperative and postoperative shoulder ROM was found. The Rowe, VAS, and ASOSS scores showed statistical improvement after surgery (P < .001). In all, 19 athletes (95%) returned to sports. However, only 60% achieved ≥90% recovery after surgery. The recurrence rate was 20%.Conclusion:In this retrospective study of a consecutive cohort of MA athletes, arthroscopic anterior shoulder stabilization significantly improved functional scores. However, only 60% of the athletes achieved the same level of competition, and there was a 20% recurrence rate.

High Rate of Return to Sports and Low Recurrences With the Latarjet Procedure in High-Risk Competitive Athletes With Glenohumeral Instability and a Glenoid Bone Loss <20%

“… 22 , 23 However, in competitive high-risk athletes (such as those included in our study), the results have not been so encouraging. 5 , 6 , 24 , 25 , 26 Among these are collision athletes, those who practice forced overhead sports and athletes with a previous failed Bankart stabilization surgery. 5 , 6 , 7 , 24 , 25 , 26 Trinh et al.…”

“…However, some studies published in the last decade have shown that in some risk subgroups, the results with Bankart repair are even unfavorable when patients have a glenoid bone deficit of less than 20%. 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 These risk subgroups mainly include contact and collision athletes, forced overhead athletes, and patients with previous failed Bankart repairs. 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 The main problem in these high-risk patients is the high recurrence rate, which can vary between 15% and 51%.…”

“… 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 These risk subgroups mainly include contact and collision athletes, forced overhead athletes, and patients with previous failed Bankart repairs. 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 The main problem in these high-risk patients is the high recurrence rate, which can vary between 15% and 51%. 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 Furthermore, some authors have demonstrated a significant decrease in functional outcomes with isolated capsulolabral repair in athletes with only 13.5% to 20% glenoid bone deficit, even in patients who did not sustain a recurrence of their instability.…”

“… 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 The main problem in these high-risk patients is the high recurrence rate, which can vary between 15% and 51%. 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 Furthermore, some authors have demonstrated a significant decrease in functional outcomes with isolated capsulolabral repair in athletes with only 13.5% to 20% glenoid bone deficit, even in patients who did not sustain a recurrence of their instability. 9 , 10 Due to the high risk of recurrences and the possibility of obtaining suboptimal results with isolated Bankart repair, we have decided, since 2010, to treat high-risk patients in our institution by means of glenoid reconstruction with Latarjet surgery.…”

Outcome Measures After Shoulder Stabilization in the Athletic Population: A Systematic Review of Clinical and Patient-Reported Metrics

“…A total of 7 (11%) studies 18,24,39,42,70,76,101 used a generic health questionnaire in combination with a diseasespecific PRO tool, whereas 22 (35%) studies § § used a visual analog scale to assess pain in combination with a disease-specific and/or generic health questionnaire. Further, 8 (13%) studies 15,22,37,42,72,73,85,86 recorded the results of a sport-specific questionnaire in combination with a disease-specific and/or generic health questionnaire. No studies included in our review used a PRO tool to assess psychosocial factors.…”