Returning to the Fight: An Empirical Analysis of Terrorist Reengagement and Recidivism

Altier, Mary Beth; Boyle, Emma Leonard; Horgan, John

doi:10.1080/09546553.2019.1679781

Cited by 28 publications

(18 citation statements)

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“…Such a consensus-based approach to coding has been used in similar research, such as that developing terrorist profiles from open sources (e.g. Altier et al, 2019).…”

Section: Casesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Understanding youth radicalisation: an analysis of Australian data

Cherney

Belton

Norham

et al. 2020

Behavioral Sciences of Terrorism and Political Aggression

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Studies on youth radicalisation are few, even though it has been identified as an increasing problem. This paper aims to contribute insights on youth radicalisation by examining data from 33 cases of Australians, aged 19 and below, who have been identified as radicalising to violent extremism. It draws on a subset of data from the Profiles of Individual Radicalisation in Australia (PIRA) dataset. This is an open-source dataset that replicates variables from the Profiles of Individual Radicalisation in the United States (PIRUS) dataset. The PIRA dataset is outlined and we undertake a descriptive and exploratory analysis of selective key variables identified in the terrorism and criminology literature. Analysis shows that radicalisation amongst our sample of youth is associated with poor educational achievement, mental health problems, active engagement with online social media, exposure to other radicalised networks and associates, personal grievances and triggering events. The data both confirm and diverge from the existing literature. The paper, in particular, considers the role of social bond attachments and networks in the youth radicalisation problem. Limitations in the study design and sample size are acknowledged and implications for the prevention of youth radicalisation are considered.

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“…Such a consensus-based approach to coding has been used in similar research, such as that developing terrorist profiles from open sources (e.g. Altier et al, 2019).…”

Section: Casesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Understanding youth radicalisation: an analysis of Australian data

Cherney

Belton

Norham

et al. 2020

Behavioral Sciences of Terrorism and Political Aggression

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Although the interest in studying violent extremism and radicalization is a global ambition, in addition to difficulty accessing samples of terrorists, gaps in the current research literature arguably require more focused investigation, particularly regarding the characterization of terrorist violence as criminal behavior. For example: (1) although research suggests that terrorist offenders can have much in common with criminal offenders when it comes to risk factors 8 , there may be a significant overestimation of the similarity between Islamist terrorism and gang behavior; (2) empirical data is still seriously lacking in regard to claims about the similarities and differences between jihadist and non-jihadist criminal groups in terms of the psychosocial factors that motivate their respective behaviors 8 , 9 , and particularly what may affect recidivism 10 , 11 ; (3) there has been scant attempt to undertake direct comparative field research, or to coordinate and synthesize qualitative and quantitative data; and (4) the comparative role played by psychosocial factors has been under-researched 9 . What follows is intended to help fill these gaps.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Willingness to sacrifice among convicted Islamist terrorists versus violent gang members and other criminals

Gómez

Atran

Chinchilla

et al. 2022

Sci Rep

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Is terrorism just another form of criminal activity, as many nations’ justice systems assume? We offer an initial answer using face-to-face interviews and structured surveys in thirty-five Spanish prisons. Recent theories of extreme sacrifice inform this direct observational and comparative study. Islamist terrorists display levels of self-sacrifice for their primary reference group similar to that of Latino gangs, but greater willingness to sacrifice for primary values than other inmates (non-radical Muslims, Latino gangs, and delinquent bands). This disposition is motivated by stronger perceived injustice, discrimination, and a visceral commitment to such values (risk/radicalization factors). Nevertheless, state authorities, prison staff, and families are (protective/de-radicalization) factors apt to reduce willingness to sacrifice and keep foreign fighters, now being released in large numbers, from returning to terrorism.

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“…Foreign fighters motivated by many different belief systems have been extensively covered, with jihadists being most frequently focused on in recent times, especially those who joined Islamic State (IS) (Arielli 2012(Arielli , 2020Hegghammer 2010/11;Malet 2013;Tammikko 2018). Much concern has surrounded the possibility of violence and other challenges upon their return, although there is mixed evidence for this in history (Altier et al 2019;Byman 2015;Cragin 2017;Malet and Hayes 2018;Milton 2020;Reed et al 2017;de Roy van Zuijdewijn 2016). Despite this, the same attention has not been extended to far-right foreign fighters either historically or more contemporarily.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Radicalisation, Foreign Fighters and the Ukraine Conflict: A Playground for the Far-Right?

MacKenzie

Kaunert

2021

Social Sciences

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Ukraine has been viewed by some as having become a training ground, networking opportunity, and general hub for the far-right due to the conflict in the east of the country, which began in 2014. With this type of terrorism on the rise in the West and events like the storming of the US Capitol Building in January 2021 fresh in the memory, it should come as no surprise that any such possibilities will generate concern. To investigate the types and extent of the threats posed by participants in the Ukraine conflict, we scrutinise the activities of a few alumni that we know of to date, as well as highlighting neglected historical episodes of right-wing fighters. We make three arguments here based on occurrences so far. Firstly, we know little about far-right foreign fighters and more attention needs to be paid to historical instances of the phenomenon. Secondly, some limited but diverse threats have already arisen from the Ukraine conflict and others may emerge in the future, but it would be unwise to overplay and homogenise the problem. Finally, it is Ukraine itself that probably faces the greatest challenges from its domestic far-right, although, if left unchecked, it may affect others in providing a space for, and permitting the growth of, connections with like-minded individuals and groups based elsewhere. Despite our warning about exaggerating the problem, Western security services should be taking the far-right very seriously at present, such as in relation to potential infiltration of them by such elements.

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Returning to the Fight: An Empirical Analysis of Terrorist Reengagement and Recidivism

Cited by 28 publications

References 0 publications

Understanding youth radicalisation: an analysis of Australian data

Understanding youth radicalisation: an analysis of Australian data

Willingness to sacrifice among convicted Islamist terrorists versus violent gang members and other criminals

Radicalisation, Foreign Fighters and the Ukraine Conflict: A Playground for the Far-Right?

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