Returning Winter Cover Crop Residue Influences Soil Aggregation and Humic Substances under Double-cropped Rice Fields

Tang, Haiming; Xiao, Xiaoping; Tang, Wenguang; Wang, Ke; Li, Chao; Cheng, Kaikai

doi:10.1590/18069657rbcs20160488

Cited by 7 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 27 publications

(32 reference statements)

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“…Low biomass production limited the humin content in the soil surface layer (fallow and G+L), consistent with a previous report (Tang et al, 2017), but decreased fulvic acid content in the 0.30-to-0.40-m layer. Effects of the treatments on fulvic acid content at greater depths were expected because fulvic acid has a lower molecular weight and greater mobility in the soil than humic acid and humin (Tang et al, 2017). Humin represented more than 50% of the chemical fraction of organic matter, which is advantageous because this fraction has greater stability in soil (Rossi et al, 2011;Tang et al, 2017).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…Effects of the treatments on fulvic acid content at greater depths were expected because fulvic acid has a lower molecular weight and greater mobility in the soil than humic acid and humin (Tang et al., 2017). Humin represented more than 50% of the chemical fraction of organic matter, which is advantageous because this fraction has greater stability in soil (Rossi et al., 2011; Tang et al., 2017). Higher soil levels of humin than fulvic acid and humic acid have been previously reported in tropical climates, mainly at a depth of 0.10–0.30 m (Guimarães et al., 2013; Rossi et al., 2011).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Soil organic carbon stock is improved by cover crops in a tropical sandy soil

et al. 2022

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Soil organic matter plays an important role in soil quality. In sandy soils of tropical regions, high biological activity in the soil accelerates mineralization and limits increases in organic matter content. The objective of this study was to evaluate the total organic C stock and the chemical and physical fractions of organic C in a sandy soil in Presidente Bernardes, São Paulo, Brazil, as a function of cover cropping with different combinations of grasses and legumes between 2015 and 2020. The treatments comprised fallow (control), cultivation of a single grass or intercropping of two grasses, one grass and one legume, or a mixture of two grasses and one legume during the offseason (April-September). Intercropping two grasses increased total dry matter production (shoot and root) by 138% and decreased the C/N ratio by 19% compared with the fallow and legume systems. The organic C stock in the soil was 46% higher in the mixed cover crop system (36.5 Mg ha −1 ) than in the fallow system (25 Mg ha −1 ). Humic acid (0.78-0.82 g kg −1 ) and humin (1.68-1.99 g kg −1 ) were lower in the systems with low dry matter production (fallow and grass + legume). Mineral-associated C content was 114% higher in the mixed cover crop system than in the fallow system. These results show that cover crops can increase C content in all fractions of organic matter in tropical sandy soil, even in a short period of time (5 yr), and that a mix of cover crops is the best option.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Soil organic carbon stock is improved by cover crops in a tropical sandy soil

et al. 2022

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“…Mixed CCs are an important management method used extensively to increase SOM and subsequently increase cash crop productivity ( Sainju and Singh, 2008 ). Growing CCs can provide physical protection to the soil by reducing the impact of rainfall and also improve soil structure and aggregation ( Tang et al, 2017 ), and similarly improve soil microorganisms ( Araujo et al, 2019 ). Morales Salmeron et al (2019) found that soil structure and fertility are improved by the presence of legumes and legume-grain mixtures in row crop systems.…”

Section: Residues C:n Ratios and Greenhouse Gas Emissionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It has been used extensively to boost SOM and consequently increase cash crop productivity ( Sainju and Singh, 2008 ). CCs cultivation not only provides physical protection to the soil by reducing the impact of rainfall but can also improve soil structure aggregation and microorganisms ( Tang et al, 2017 ; Araujo et al, 2019 ). Soil organic carbon (SOC) is the critical component of SOM, soil functions, and agricultural ecosystems sustainability ( Muhammad et al, 2018 ; Chalise et al, 2019 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Regulation of Soil Microbial Community Structure and Biomass to Mitigate Soil Greenhouse Gas Emission

Ihsan

Wang

et al. 2022

Front. Microbiol.

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Sustainable reduction of fertilization with technology acquisition for improving soil quality and realizing green food production is a major strategic demand for global agricultural production. Introducing legume (LCCs) and/or non-legume cover crops (NLCCs) during the fallow period before planting main crops such as wheat and corn increases surface coverage, retains soil moisture content, and absorbs excess mineral nutrients, thus reducing pollution. In addition, the cover crops (CCs) supplement the soil nutrients upon decomposition and have a green manure effect. Compared to the traditional bare land, the introduction of CCs systems has multiple ecological benefits, such as improving soil structure, promoting nutrient cycling, improving soil fertility and microbial activity, controlling soil erosion, and inhibiting weed growth, pests, and diseases. The residual decomposition process of cultivated crops after being pressed into the soil will directly change the soil carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) cycle and greenhouse gas emissions (GHGs), and thus affect the soil microbial activities. This key ecological process determines the realization of various ecological and environmental benefits of the cultivated system. Understanding the mechanism of these ecological environmental benefits provides a scientific basis for the restoration and promotion of cultivated crops in dry farming areas of the world. These findings provide an important contribution for understanding the mutual interrelationships and the research in this area, as well as increasing the use of CCs in the soil for better soil fertility, GHGs mitigation, and improving soil microbial community structure. This literature review studies the effects of crop biomass and quality on soil GHGs emissions, microbial biomass, and community structure of the crop cultivation system, aiming to clarify crop cultivation in theory.

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“…Compared with common leguminous green manure, oilseed rape green manure has the characteristics of wide adaptability and low cost and functions as a biological control ( Fu et al., 2012 ; Srivastava and Ghatak, 2017 ). In addition, it can increase the total porosity of paddy soil, reduce bulk density, improve soil physical properties, and increase the activity of soil urease and acid phosphatase ( Tang et al., 2017 ). The results of intercropping potato with spring rape as green manure showed that the application of green manure could reduce the application rate of potato fertilizer by 15%–20% without reducing the yield ( Jing et al., 2007 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of oilseed rape green manure on phosphorus availability of red soil and rice yield in rice–green manure rotation system

Gu,

Li,

Yang

et al. 2024

Front. Plant Sci.

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Improving the nutrient content of red soils in southern China is a priority for efficient rice production there. To assess the effectiveness of oilseed rape as green manure for the improvement of soil phosphorus nutrient supply and rice yield in red soil areas, a long-term field plot experiment was conducted comparing two species of rape, Brassica napus (BN) and Brassica juncea (BJ). The effects of returning oilseed rape on soil phosphorus availability, phosphorus absorption, and yield of subsequent rice under rice–green manure rotation mode were analyzed, using data from the seasons of 2020 to 2021. The study found that compared with winter fallow treatment (WT) and no-tillage treatment (NT), the soil available phosphorus content of BN was increased, and that of BJ was significantly increased. The content of water-soluble inorganic phosphorus of BJ increased, and that of BN increased substantially. Compared with the WT, the soil organic matter content and soil total phosphorus content of BN significantly increased, as did the soil available potassium content of BJ, and the soil total phosphorus content of BJ was significantly increased compared with NT. The soil particulate phosphorus content of BJ and BN was significantly increased by 14.00% and 16.00%, respectively. Compared with the WT, the phosphorus activation coefficient of BJ was significantly increased by 11.41%. The rice plant tiller number under the green manure returning treatment was significantly increased by 43.16% compared with the winter fallow treatment. The green manure returning measures increased rice grain yield by promoting rice tiller numbers; BN increased rice grain yield by 9.91% and BJ by 11.68%. Based on these results, returning oilseed rape green manure could augment the phosphorus nutrients of red soil and promote phosphorus availability. Rice–oilseed rape green manure rotation could increase rice grain yield.

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Returning Winter Cover Crop Residue Influences Soil Aggregation and Humic Substances under Double-cropped Rice Fields

Cited by 7 publications

References 27 publications

Soil organic carbon stock is improved by cover crops in a tropical sandy soil

Soil organic carbon stock is improved by cover crops in a tropical sandy soil

Regulation of Soil Microbial Community Structure and Biomass to Mitigate Soil Greenhouse Gas Emission

Effects of oilseed rape green manure on phosphorus availability of red soil and rice yield in rice–green manure rotation system

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