“…Multiple transformations (Rink et al, 2019; Sýkora & Bouzarovski, 2012; Steinführer et al, 2011) can be utilized to understand the post‐socialist urban changes, particularly the temporal and spatial dynamics of demographic change and their implications for policy, planning, and regional development. Numerous studies have found that demographic transition, ageing, fertility behavior, and diverse household structures have a significant impact on urban shrinkage, regional labor, and the real estate market (Botev, 2012; Buzar et al, 2005; Couch et al, 2012; Káčerová et al, 2014; Kashnitsky et al, 2021; Kazimierczak & Szafrańska, 2019; Kurek et al, 2017; Kurek & Wójtowicz, 2018; Steinführer & Haase, 2007; Wolff & Wiechmann, 2018).…”