Revealing the complex spatiotemporal nature of crystal growth in a steel pipe: Initiation, expansion, and densification

Løge, Isaac A.; Rasmussen, Peter Winkel; Sørensen, Henning Osholm; Bruns, Stefan; AlBaraghtheh, Tamadur; Christensen, Anders Nymark; Dahl, Anders Bjorholm; Fosbøl, Philip Loldrup

doi:10.1016/j.cej.2023.143157

Cited by 4 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 36 publications

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“…The interconnected covered areas were classified as clusters. A visual representation of the analysis pathway is shown in our previous work …”

Section: Materials and Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Decoupling Inhibitor Mechanisms in Surface and Bulk Processes: Studies of BaSO₄

Løge,

Dragani,

Anabaraonye

2023

Crystal Growth & Design

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Chemical inhibitors are used to prevent crystallization fouling, but they can be environmentally hazardous. While reducing inhibitor concentrations could minimize their environmental impact, they could, below a certain threshold, promote surface deposition. In this study, we investigated the effect of a commercial polymeric scale inhibitor on BaSO 4 formation on surfaces and in the bulk phase. Surface deposition studies were performed in a one-direction flow-through experimental setup. We investigated the deposition behavior of BaSO 4 at inhibitor concentrations ranging from 0 to 100 ppm, and BaSO 4 saturation ratios (SRs) ranging from 6.6 to 457.1. Crystal deposition was visualized using high-resolution X-ray micro-computed tomography and characterized through advanced image analysis and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Bulk phase studies were conducted at SRs spanning from 6.6 to 1000, and samples were analyzed through inductively coupled plasma analysis. We show that observations made in bulk phase studies do not directly apply to surface deposition. Our findings show that while high inhibitor concentrations can prevent surface deposition, intermediate concentrations could accelerate deposition. The enhanced deposition likely occurs because the inhibitor predominantly inhibits nucleation over crystal growth. We previously showed that BaSO 4 deposition at high SRs occurs primarily through nucleation. This results in the formation of fragile structures that are more susceptible to detachment processes. Therefore, as nucleation processes are inhibited, stable surface structures form, subsequently enhancing the net deposition rate. SEM revealed a change in the crystal habit of surface deposits and bulk precipitates as a function of SR and inhibitor concentration. Our findings can be used to optimize the usage of chemical inhibitors and understand how crystal resilience is essential for surface deposition processes.

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“…The interconnected covered areas were classified as clusters. A visual representation of the analysis pathway is shown in our previous work …”

Section: Materials and Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Decoupling Inhibitor Mechanisms in Surface and Bulk Processes: Studies of BaSO₄

Løge,

Dragani,

Anabaraonye

2023

Crystal Growth & Design

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Learnings from up-scaling CO2 capture: Challenges and experiences with pilot work

Vinjarapu,

Løge,

Neerup

et al. 2024

Chemical Engineering Science

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Graphite oxide synthetized by pulsed laser ablation technique used as an antifouling coating to inhibit CaCO3 scale on stainless steel surfaces

Cuenca-Vargas,

Lopez-Vargas,

Drummond

et al. 2023

Journal of Vacuum Science &Amp; Technology A

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This work presents a study on the influence of carbon thin films deposited on stainless steel substrates for calcium carbonate (CaCO3) scaling tests. Three stainless steel samples were prepared from a metallographic polishing process. Subsequently, two of the pieces were coated with carbon thin films, and the other piece was used as a reference (without coating). One piece was coated only with carbon, and the other was coated first with nickel and then with carbon. Both coatings were synthetized by pulsed laser ablation (PLD) using an Nd:YAG pulsed laser with a wavelength of 266 nm, a pulse energy of 70 mJ, and a repetition rate of 10 Hz. The target was ablated for 10 min to deposit each thin film on the steel surface. The samples were characterized by different techniques to study morphological properties such as roughness, wettability, and surface energy. In addition, x-ray diffraction, Raman spectroscopy, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, and water contact angle were used to determine the type of structure deposited by PLD. Characterization results allowed us to identify the coating structure as a thin film of partially oxidized graphite. Finally, the coated pieces were subjected to the CaCO3 scaling process and the results showed that the coatings improved the inhibition of CaCO3 with a reduction of more than 80% of the embedded mass compared to the uncoated sample.

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Revealing the complex spatiotemporal nature of crystal growth in a steel pipe: Initiation, expansion, and densification

Cited by 4 publications

References 36 publications

Decoupling Inhibitor Mechanisms in Surface and Bulk Processes: Studies of BaSO₄

Decoupling Inhibitor Mechanisms in Surface and Bulk Processes: Studies of BaSO₄

Learnings from up-scaling CO2 capture: Challenges and experiences with pilot work

Graphite oxide synthetized by pulsed laser ablation technique used as an antifouling coating to inhibit CaCO3 scale on stainless steel surfaces

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Revealing the complex spatiotemporal nature of crystal growth in a steel pipe: Initiation, expansion, and densification

Cited by 4 publications

References 36 publications

Decoupling Inhibitor Mechanisms in Surface and Bulk Processes: Studies of BaSO4

Decoupling Inhibitor Mechanisms in Surface and Bulk Processes: Studies of BaSO4

Learnings from up-scaling CO2 capture: Challenges and experiences with pilot work

Graphite oxide synthetized by pulsed laser ablation technique used as an antifouling coating to inhibit CaCO3 scale on stainless steel surfaces

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Decoupling Inhibitor Mechanisms in Surface and Bulk Processes: Studies of BaSO₄

Decoupling Inhibitor Mechanisms in Surface and Bulk Processes: Studies of BaSO₄