Reversal of Fissure Caries in the Albino Rat by Stimulating Salivary Flow with Pilocarpine (Short Communication)

Connell, R.

doi:10.1159/000261253

Cited by 13 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…Sulcal caries was significantly reduced by pilocarpine treatment, as previously reported in other studies [Leach and Connell, 1990]. This effect was persistent in both non clomipramine and clomipramine-treated animals.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Fluoride and Pilocarpine Reduce the Risk of Caries Produced by Chronic Clomipramine Treatment in Rats

Martínez-Gomis¹,

Planas²,

Planelles

et al. 1997

Caries Res

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The effects of chronic clomipramine treatment on the incidence of caries in the rat and their prevention by fluoride and pilocarpine were investigated. One hundred and twenty male Wistar rats were divided into six groups, five experimental groups, one control group and treated with 50 mg/kg/day of clomipramine, 10 ppm fluoride in drinking water, and 5 mg/kg/day of pilocarpine. All animals were infected with Streptococcus sobrinus 6715 and fed a cariogenic diet ad libitum for 42 days. Water and food consumption, weight gain, salivary flow rate, amylase activity, protein and fluoride concentration in saliva, and caries scores were determined in all animals. Whereas clomipramine significantly increased the fluoride and protein concentration in saliva, pilocarpine only decreased fluoride concentration. Animals treated with clomipramine developed 40% more sulcal caries than nontreated animals. Administration of fluoride (10 ppm) in drinking water and chronic oral administration of pilocarpine prevented the increased risk of developing caries associated with chronic treatment with clomipramine.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Fluoride and Pilocarpine Reduce the Risk of Caries Produced by Chronic Clomipramine Treatment in Rats

Martínez-Gomis¹,

Planas²,

Planelles

et al. 1997

Caries Res

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show abstract

“…On the other hand, several weeks must elapse before the symptomatic improvement becomes apparent because the reversal of the atrophic and desiccated changes induced by salivary deprivation does not occur immediately after pilocarpine (3)(4)(5). The longterm benefits of oral pilocarpine treatment against the consequences of xerostomia such as dental cavities or oral candidiasis, which are already experimentally demonstrated (15,30), require further studies in humans (6,31,32). There is no indication of the development of tolerance to the stimulant effect of pilocarpine on salivary flow (3,6).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of pilocarpine mouthwash on salivary flow

Bernardi

Perin

Becker

et al. 2002

Braz J Med Biol Res

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Pilocarpine is a cholinergic agonist that increases salivary flow and has been used to treat xerostomia. Oral intake is the most frequent route of administration. Adverse effects are dose-dependent and include sudoresis, facial blushing and increased urinary frequency. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the effects of topical pilocarpine solutions as mouthwashes on salivary flow and their adverse effects on healthy subjects. Forty volunteers received 10 ml 0.5, 1 and 2% pilocarpine solutions or 0.9% saline in a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled manner. Salivation was measured before and 45, 60 and 75 min after mouth rinsing for 1 min with 10 ml of saline or pilocarpine solutions. Vital signs were measured and ocular, gastrointestinal and cardiovascular symptoms, anxiety and flushing were estimated using visual analog scales. There was a dosedependent increase in salivation. Salivation measured after 1 and 2% pilocarpine (1.4 ± 0.36 and 2.22 ± 0.42 g, respectively) was significantly (P<0.001) higher than before (0.70 ± 0.15 and 0.64 ± 0.1 g), with a plateau between 45 and 75 min. Cardiovascular, visual, gastrointestinal and behavioral symptoms and signs were not changed by topical pilocarpine. Mouth rinsing with pilocarpine solutions at concentrations of 1 to 2% induced a significant objective and subjective dose-dependent increase in salivary flow, similar to the results reported by others studying the effect of oral 5 mg pilocarpine. The present study revealed the efficacy of pilocarpine mouthwash solutions in increasing salivary flow in healthy volunteers, with no adverse effects. Additional studies on patients with xerostomia are needed.

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“…Furthermore, stimulation of salivary flow by pilocarpine treatment can reportedly reverse sucrose-induced fissure caries in albino rats. 32 Consequently, further studies to determine this treatment's ability to prevent complications (eg, dental caries) from dry mouth and other sicca symptoms from SS seem reasonable.…”

Section: Commentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pilocarpine Tablets for the Treatment of Dry Mouth and Dry Eye Symptoms in Patients With Sjögren Syndrome<subtitle>A Randomized, Placebo-Controlled, Fixed-Dose, Multicenter Trial</subtitle>

et al. 1999

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Reversal of Fissure Caries in the Albino Rat by Stimulating Salivary Flow with Pilocarpine (Short Communication)

Cited by 13 publications

References 4 publications

Fluoride and Pilocarpine Reduce the Risk of Caries Produced by Chronic Clomipramine Treatment in Rats

Fluoride and Pilocarpine Reduce the Risk of Caries Produced by Chronic Clomipramine Treatment in Rats

Effect of pilocarpine mouthwash on salivary flow

Pilocarpine Tablets for the Treatment of Dry Mouth and Dry Eye Symptoms in Patients With Sjögren Syndrome<subtitle>A Randomized, Placebo-Controlled, Fixed-Dose, Multicenter Trial</subtitle>

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