Reversal of Osteoporotic Changes of Mineral Composition in Femurs of Diabetic Rats by Insulin

Zhang, Xiaolin; Fei, Yurong; Zhang, Min; Wei, Dan; Li, Ming; Ding, Wenjun; Yang, Jianhong

doi:10.1007/s12011-007-8043-1

Cited by 11 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…Studies have shown that trace elements play an important part in the maintenance of BMD, acting directly on the deposition of Ca, P and Mg [29]. In our model, the femur was divided equally into six ROI (Fig.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Aluminum Exposure on Bone Mineral Density, Mineral, and Trace Elements in Rats

Zhu

et al. 2010

Biol Trace Elem Res

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The purpose of the study was to investigate the effects of aluminum (Al) exposure on bone mineral elements, trace elements, and bone mineral density (BMD) in rats. One hundred Wistar rats were divided randomly into two groups. Experimental rats were given drinking water containing aluminum chloride (AlCl(3), 430 mg Al(3+)/L), whereas control rats were given distilled water for up to 150 days. Ten rats were sacrificed in each group every 30 days. The levels of Al, calcium (Ca), phosphorus (P), magnesium (Mg), zinc (Zn), iron (Fe), copper (Cu), manganese (Mn), selenium (Se), boron (B), and strontium (Sr) in bone and the BMD of femur were measured. Al-treated rats showed lower deposition of Ca, P, and Mg compared with control rats. Levels of trace elements (Zn, Fe, Cu, Mn, Se, B, and Sr) were significantly lower in the Al-treated group than in the control group from day 60, and the BMD of the femur metaphysis in the Al-treated group was significantly lower than in the control group on days 120 and 150. These findings indicate that long-term Al exposure reduces the levels of mineral and trace elements in bone. As a result, bone loss was induced (particularly in cancellous bone).

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Aluminum Exposure on Bone Mineral Density, Mineral, and Trace Elements in Rats

Zhu

et al. 2010

Biol Trace Elem Res

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“…In early rat studies, daily subcutaneous injections of insulin improved the structural strength of the femur mid-shaft (Dixit and Ekstrom, 1980) and femoral neck (Hou et al, 1993) when compared to untreated alloxan-induced T1D rats. Recent rat studies report daily subcutaneous injections of insulin nearly restored the STZ-related loss i) in peak force endured by the femur mid-shaft during three-point (3 pt) bending (Rao Sirasanagandla et al, 2014), ii) in total femur aBMD (Zhang et al, 2008), iii) in femoral neck and mid-shaft diameters (Abd El Aziz et al, 2015), iv) in femur mid-shaft aBMD (but not in tensile mechanical properties) (Erdal et al, 2012), and v) in peak bending stress (but not in peak force during 3 pt. bending) of the tibia mid-shaft (Bortolin et al, 2016).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preserving and restoring bone with continuous insulin infusion therapy in a mouse model of type 1 diabetes

et al. 2017

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Those with type 1 diabetes (T1D) are more likely to suffer a fracture than age- and sex-matched individuals without diabetes, despite daily insulin therapy. In rodent studies examining the effect of bone- or glucose-targeting therapies on preventing the T1D-related decrease in bone strength, insulin co-therapy is often not included, despite the known importance of insulin signaling to bone mass accrual. Therefore, working toward a relevant pre-clinical model of diabetic bone disease, we assessed the effect of continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII) therapy at escalating doses on preserving bone and the effect of delayed CSII on rescuing the T1D-related bone deterioration in an established murine model of T1D. Osmotic minipumps were implanted in male DBA/2 J mice 2 weeks (prevention study) and 6 weeks (rescue study) after the first injection of streptozotocin (STZ) to deliver insulin at 0, 0.0625, 0.125, or 0.25 IU/day (prevention study; n = 4–5 per dose) and 0 or 0.25 IU/day (rescue study; n = 10 per group). CSII lasted 4 weeks in both studies, which also included age-matched, non-diabetic DBA/2 J mice (n = 8–12 per study). As the insulin dose increased, blood glucose decreased, body weight increased, a serum maker of bone resorption decreased, and a serum marker of bone formation increased such that each end-point characteristic was linearly correlated with dose. There were insulin dose-dependent relationships (femur diaphysis) with cross-sectional area of cortical bone and cortical thickness (micro-computed tomography) as well as structural strength (peak force endured by the mid-shaft during three-point bending). Likewise, trabecular bone volume fraction (BV/TV), thickness, and number (distal femur metaphysis) increased as the insulin dose increased. Delayed CSII improved glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), but blood glucose levels remained relatively high (well above non-diabetic levels). Interestingly, it returned the resorption and formation markers to similar levels as those seen in non-T1D control mice. This apparent return after 4 weeks of CSII translated to a partial rescue of the structural strength of the femur mid-shaft. Delayed CSII also increased Tb.Th to levels seen in non-T1D controls but did not fully restore BV/TV. The use of exogenous insulin should be considered in pre-clinical studies investigating the effect of T1D on bone as insulin therapy maintains bone structure without necessarily lowering glucose below diabetic levels.

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“…Many studies have demonstrated that diabetic bones present lower mainly because of dysfunction in bone cell formation, leading to a lower bone mechanical strength (27). Furthermore, higher values of fracture force were observed in both trained groups and higher values of stiffness were observed in TLG.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 87%

“…Zhang and cols. (27) have demonstrated a decreased femoral BMD in diabetic animals compared to normal animals. Additionally, Mathey and cols.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Low-level laser therapy associated to a resistance training protocol on bone tissue in diabetic rats

Patrocínio-Silva

Souza

Goulart

et al. 2016

Arch. Endocrinol. Metab.

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Objective: The present study aimed to evaluate the in vivo response of a resistance training and low-level laser therapy (LLLT) on tibias and femurs of rats with diabetes mellitus (DM). Materials and methods: Forty male Wistar rats were randomly distributed into four experimental groups: control group (CG), diabetic group (DG), diabetic trained group (TG) and diabetic trained and laser irradiated group (TLG). DM was induced by streptozotocin (STZ) and after two weeks laser and resistance training started, performed for 24 sessions, during eight weeks. At the end of the experiment, animals were euthanized and tibias and femurs were removed for analysis. Histological, histomorphometrical, immunohistochemistry and mechanical analyses were performed. Results: Trained groups, with or without laser irradiation, showed increased cortical area, bone density and biomechanical properties. The immunohistochemical analysis revealed that TG and TLG demonstrated an increased RUNX2 expression. RANK-L immunoexpression was similar for all experimental groups. Conclusion: In conclusion, it can be suggested that the resistance exercise program stimulated bone metabolism, culminating in increased cortical tibial area, bone mineral content, bone mineral density and biomechanical properties. Furthermore, the association of physical exercises and LLLT produced higher values for bone mineral content and stiffness. Consequently, these data highlight the potential of physical exercise in the management of bone loss due to DM and the possible extra osteogenic stimulus offered by lasertherapy. Further long-term studies should be carried out to provide additional information. Arch Endocrinol Metab. 2016;60(5):457-64

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Reversal of Osteoporotic Changes of Mineral Composition in Femurs of Diabetic Rats by Insulin

Cited by 11 publications

References 46 publications

Effects of Aluminum Exposure on Bone Mineral Density, Mineral, and Trace Elements in Rats

Effects of Aluminum Exposure on Bone Mineral Density, Mineral, and Trace Elements in Rats

Preserving and restoring bone with continuous insulin infusion therapy in a mouse model of type 1 diabetes

Low-level laser therapy associated to a resistance training protocol on bone tissue in diabetic rats

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