Reversal of the concreteness effect for verbs in patients with semantic dementia.

Yi, Hyon-Ah; Moore, Peachie; Grossman, Murray

doi:10.1037/0894-4105.21.1.9

Cited by 104 publications

(99 citation statements)

References 76 publications

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“…42,43 Others describe worse performance with concrete object concepts than abstract concepts. 5,44 These cases are usually associated with greater right temporal atrophy and early behavioral changes, such as loss of empathy and compulsions. 45 Surface dyslexia and dysgraphia are features of the semantic variant and refer to an impairment in reading and writing words with "irregular" or atypical relationship between spelling and pronunciation.…”

Section: Nonfluent/agrammatic Variant Ppa (Also Known As Progressive mentioning

confidence: 99%

Classification of primary progressive aphasia and its variants

Gorno-Tempini¹,

Hillis²,

Weıntraub³

et al. 2011

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This article provides a classification of primary progressive aphasia (PPA) and its 3 main variants to improve the uniformity of case reporting and the reliability of research results. Criteria for the 3 variants of PPA-nonfluent/agrammatic, semantic, and logopenic-were developed by an international group of PPA investigators who convened on 3 occasions to operationalize earlier published clinical descriptions for PPA subtypes. Patients are first diagnosed with PPA and are then divided into clinical variants based on specific speech and language features characteristic of each subtype. Classification can then be further specified as "imaging-supported" if the expected pattern of atrophy is found and "with definite pathology" if pathologic or genetic data are available. The working recommendations are presented in lists of features, and suggested assessment tasks are also provided. These recommendations have been widely agreed upon by a large group of experts and should be used to ensure consistency of PPA classification in future studies. Future collaborations will collect prospective data to identify relationships between each of these syndromes and specific biomarkers for a more detailed understanding of clinicopathologic correlations. Neurology

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Section: Nonfluent/agrammatic Variant Ppa (Also Known As Progressive mentioning

confidence: 99%

Classification of primary progressive aphasia and its variants

Gorno-Tempini¹,

Hillis²,

Weıntraub³

et al. 2011

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“…While our finding is consistent with a processing advantage observed for concrete over abstract words in patients with semantic dementia (Jefferies et al, 2009), reverse effects (i.e. worse performance on concrete compared to abstract words) have also been reported Yi et al, 2007) although it should be noted that these reversal effects are much less typical (Hoffman, 2015;Hoffman & Lambon Ralph, 2011).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

“…On the contrary, our results for aMTG showed a significant increase in activity for concrete words when compared to pseudowords. The anterior MTG has previously been associated with the access of conceptual representations as they become increasingly more semantically specific (Price, 2012) and the anterior temporal lobe has been described as an amodal semantic hub, implicated in the integration of conceptual and semantic information (Bonner & Price, 2013;Patterson, Nestor, & Rogers, 2007 (Reilly, Peelle, & Grossman, 2007;Yi et al, 2007).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Other studies have reported a reversal of the effect (Warrington, 1975); that is a processing advantage for abstract over concrete words in patients with semantic dementia (Bonner et al, 2009;Macoir, 2009;Papagno, Capasso, & Miceli, 2009;Yi, Moore, & Grossman, 2007), although these cases are not typical (Hoffman & Lambon Ralph, 2011). Nevertheless, these observations have fuelled the debate regarding whether concrete and abstract processing is underpinned by distinct neural systems which can be selectively impaired following an insult to the brain.…”

Section: Neural Correlates Of Concrete and Abstract Processing In Aphmentioning

confidence: 97%

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Neurophysiological Markers of Language Recovery in Subacute Stroke

Roxbury¹

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Most patients with aphasia recover language function to some degree, but there is significant variability in the speed, nature, and extent of language recovery that occurs in the months following a stroke. Currently, there is no effective method available to predict how an individual with aphasia will recover. The most accurate predictors of recovery to date rely on global outcome measures which do not provide relevant information regarding recovery of symptoms that are targeted in therapy. The overall goal of this thesis was to examine whether language-related brain activity predicted recovery of specific symptoms in aphasia. The first aim was to gain a clearer understanding of the neural mechanisms which underpin word processing in healthy individuals.Brain activity associated with spoken word processing was investigated firstly in a group of healthy young adults, then in a healthy older cohort in order to ascertain whether task performance was preserved in ageing and if so, whether a preserved performance was underpinned by age-related changes in the neural mechanisms. The second main aim was to investigate the neural substrates which underpin language processing in the subacute (2-6 weeks) and chronic (6 months) phases of aphasia recovery and to determine whether the timing and extent to which these mechanisms are recruited contributes to a good or poor language outcome. An auditory lexical decision task with a novel pseudoword condition was employed to investigate language recovery mechanisms and was selected to ensure that patients with aphasia in the subacute stage would be able to perform the task with sufficient accuracy. The real word stimuli consisted of concrete and abstract items. The stimuli were presented in an event-related fMRI task to young healthy controls, older healthy controls, and patients with aphasia during the subacute and chronic phases post-stroke. A range of behavioural language measures was administered to all three cohorts and at both time points for patients with aphasia.In the healthy young group, concrete words elicited increased activity in a widely distributed network of brain regions including bilateral angular gyrus (AG), left posterior cingulate and left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, compared to abstract words. Meanwhile, no region showed increased activity for abstract compared to concrete words, rather differences were only observed in bilateral AG when abstract words were contrasted with pseudowords. In the healthy older group, region of interest (ROI) results identified that a preserved performance was associated with an altered pattern of left hemisphere activity in the inferior and middle frontal regions, the AG and the fusiform gyrus.Differences between the healthy older and healthy young group were identified in key language regions, with the left inferior frontal gyrus (IFG) showing increased activity for abstract and pseudowords compared to concrete words while increased activity in the left AG was observed in the younger group only.ii In patients with a...

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“…The frequencies of the target stimuli and the choices were matched across categories using a frequency count sensitive to grammatic category. 20 Word-description matching of actions and objects 21 : Patients were given a phrase describing an action or object, and then were asked to select the best of four available action verbs or object nouns that matches the described target. The frequencies of the target stimuli and the content words of the descriptions were matched across categories using a frequency count sensitive to grammatic category.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%