Reversal of the Light Inhibition of Pea Stem Growth by the Gibberellins

Lockhart, James A.

doi:10.1073/pnas.42.11.841

Cited by 110 publications

(46 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…Whether growth inhibition as a result of continuous low intensity irradiations is due exclusively to the red: far-red pigment system is not established. However, it is known that gibberellic acid may prevent stem growtlh inhibition as a result of 1)oth low and high initensity continuous irradiation in this species (1,4).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…Gibberellic acid treatment will prevent inhibition of pea stem growth by radiation (in both dwarf and tall varieties) and it will also reverse the dwarf character in peas as well as other species (1,4,8 2 a), but the promotions of growth are equal fractions of maximum growth promotion.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…

Applied gibberellic acid specifically reverses the light inhibition of etiolated stem growth in certain species (4,5). It

ExPERIMENTAL RESULTS

To determine the time-course of growth following a single irradiation, 6-day-old dwarf pea seedlings wvere exposed to re(d ra(liation (2,000 ergs cinv-2-sec-1) for various lengths of time and the height of the plants was measured daily.

…”

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confidence: 99%

“…Applied gibberellic acid specifically reverses the light inhibition of etiolated stem growth in certain species (4,5). It …”

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confidence: 99%

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Studies on the Mechanism of Stem Growth Inhibition by Visible Radiation.

Lockhart¹

1959

Plant Physiol.

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Applied gibberellic acid specifically reverses the light inhibition of etiolated stem growth in certain species (4,5). It ExPERIMENTAL RESULTSTo determine the time-course of growth following a single irradiation, 6-day-old dwarf pea seedlings wvere exposed to re(d ra(liation (2,000 ergs cinv-2-sec-1) for various lengths of time and the height of the plants was measured daily. The results of a typical experiment are illustrated in figure 1. It may be seen that even 10-minutes of irradiation results in a marked inhibition of growth. It is noteworthy that the growth inhibition by light continues for a period of several days. After 4 to 5 days the growth rate of the irradiated plants returns to the dark-grown rate, but the growth rate never exceeds that of the dark-grown plants.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…

Applied gibberellic acid specifically reverses the light inhibition of etiolated stem growth in certain species (4,5). It

ExPERIMENTAL RESULTS

…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Applied gibberellic acid specifically reverses the light inhibition of etiolated stem growth in certain species (4,5). It …”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Studies on the Mechanism of Stem Growth Inhibition by Visible Radiation.

Lockhart¹

1959

Plant Physiol.

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“…Lockhart (9,11) suggested that light regulates stem elongation in dwarf pea through some effect, or effects, on the metabolism of gibberellin. He Our experiments were aimed at finding whether stem growth due to gibberellin is controlled by the root system or stem and/or if an inhibitor is produced in the roots which may be translocated to the stem of the pea plant and in this way regulate stem growth.…”

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Grafting and Gibberellin Effects on the Growth of Tall and Dwarf Peas

Lockard

Grünwald

1970

Plant Physiol.

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Tall peas var. Alaska and dwarf peas var. Progress No. 9 were grafted onto their own roots or reciprocally grafted to determine the rootstock effect on the growth of the stem. In all cases the grafted stems grew the same as their ungrafted controls regardless of which rootstock they were grown on. When similarly grafted plants were supplied with gibberellic acid, good graft unions did not inhibit its translocation. This evidence supports the thesis that the mechanism controlling stem growth in peas is located in the stem and that the roots have no direct control over this mechanism.Since Went (17,18) (6,12,16). Lockhart (10) attempted to demonstrate the controlling aspect of shoot tip-syhthesized gibberellin by grafting a stem from a tall pea onto the root of a dwarf pea. No increased elongation occurred in the stem section of the dwarf rootstock, contrary to expectation, and he concluded that his experiments failed to provide evidence for or against the production of gibberellin in roots or cotyledons.Lockhart (9, 11) suggested that light regulates stem elongation in dwarf pea through some effect, or effects, on the metabolism of gibberellin. He considered three possible mechanisms: (a) light may inhibit the synthesis of endogenous gibberellin, (b) light may cause a destruction or diversion of endogenous gibberellin, or (c) light may make the tissue less responsive to a given amount of gibberellin; and he concluded that visible radiation probably inhibited stem elongation in pea through an effect ' The investigation reported in this paper is in connection with a project of the Kentucky Experiment Station and is published with approval of the Director. on the level of endogenous gibberellin (11). However, Kende and Lang (7) rejected the first two possibilities since they found equal amounts of gibberellin in dark-and light-grown dwarf peas. They favored the third mechanism, that light makes the tissue less responsive. Kohler and Lang (8) produced evidence for substances in higher plants (lima beans) which interfered with the response of dwarf peas to gibberellin, and they suggested that inhibitors may participate in the growth regulation of plants, particularly by an interplay with gibberellins.Our experiments were aimed at finding whether stem growth due to gibberellin is controlled by the root system or stem and/or if an inhibitor is produced in the roots which may be translocated to the stem of the pea plant and in this way regulate stem growth. MATERIALS AND METHODSTwo varieties of peas (Pisum salivum L.) were used: Alaska, a tall pea, and Progress No. 9, a dwarf pea. The Alaska seeds were obtained from a local seed house and the Progress No. 9 seeds from Northrup King, Minneapolis, Minnesota.The seeds were soaked for 5 hr in water and then planted in vermiculite in 3.8-cm pots. The plants were grown in a growth chamber at 20°under continuous illumination. For the first 3 days the plants were watered with distilled water, and after the 3rd day they were supplied daily with Hoagland's nutrient solut...

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Das hormonale System der Pflanzen

Linser

1966

Angewandte Chemie

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in der Regel sehr viele reaktive Stellen aufweisen, konnen die Umsetzungen in Bezug auf die einzelnen Molekule vollstandig oder auch unvollstiindig sein, sie miissen nur bei allen Molekulen an den gleichen Stellen verlaufen. Sind die Umsetzungen in Bezug auf die Gesamtzahl der Molekule eines Polymers unvollstiindig, so hat man noch die Moglichkcit, die einheitlich umgesetzten Anteile zu isolieren.

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Reversal of the Light Inhibition of Pea Stem Growth by the Gibberellins

Cited by 110 publications

References 6 publications

Studies on the Mechanism of Stem Growth Inhibition by Visible Radiation.

Studies on the Mechanism of Stem Growth Inhibition by Visible Radiation.

Grafting and Gibberellin Effects on the Growth of Tall and Dwarf Peas

Das hormonale System der Pflanzen

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