Reverse hybrid jig separation efficiency estimation of floating plastics using apparent specific gravity and concentration criterion

Abstract

We developed a technique called the reverse hybrid jig, an advanced physical separation technique that combines the principles of jig and flotation to separate floating plastics. This technique is a promising green technology that is more economical and environmentally friendly compared with the conventional flotation. Although the applicability of this technique to separate PP/PE have been reported, the index to illustrate the possibility of separation for the reverse hybrid jig is still not available. In this study, a reverse apparent concentration criterion (CCRA) is proposed to estimate reverse hybrid jig separation efficiency. This modified concentration criterion can be calculated using the specific gravity (SG) of particle with attached bubbles called the apparent specific gravity (SGA). To determine the volume of attached bubbles on plastic surfaces under water pulsation, a laser-assisted apparatus was used under various conditions, including plastic type, air flow rate, dosage, and type of wetting agent. The results of attached bubble volume measurements were used to calculate the SGA and CCRA. The estimated values were then compared with the results of reverse hybrid jig separation. It was found that higher CCRA resulted in better separation efficiency. In addition, an empirical linear equation for estimating the reverse hybrid jig separation efficiency is proposed.

The Influence of Textile Type, Textile Weight, and Detergent Dosage on Microfiber Emissions from Top-Loading Washing Machines

“…It is worth noting that textiles containing synthetic fiber PES (such as 100% PES, TC, and CVC) had higher MF emissions compared to 100% CO. The higher MF generated by PES and PES-blended textiles could be attributed to the inherent hydrophobic nature of PES, which is a common property of plastics that makes them degrade more easily in the presence of surfactants found in detergents during laundry washing [ 49 , 50 , 51 , 52 ]. Additionally, both CVC and TC, which are PES-blended textiles, exhibited significant MF release, exceeding 76% and 25% of the amount of microfiber released by 100% CO, respectively.…”

Conventional and recent advances in gravity separation technologies for coal cleaning: A systematic and critical review

“…Gravity-based separation technologies like float-and-sink and jigs can also be applied for the recycling of various kind of wastes (e.g., automobile [ [289] , [290] , [291] ], home appliances [ 292 , 293 ], small home appliances [ 294 ], mobile phones [ 285 ], copy machines [ 295 ], electrical wires [ 293 , 296 ], plastic containers [ 297 ], and mixed plastics [ 295 , [298] , [299] , [300] , [301] ]. More recently, the advanced jig technology including reverse jig [ 297 ], hybrid jig [ 285 , 292 , 293 , 302 ], and reverse hybrid jig [ 296 , 303 ] were introduced to separate the mixed plastic waste that have similar SG as well as floating plastics.…”

Gravity Concentration in Urban Mining Applications—A Review

“…Gravity concentration has been historically associated with mineral processing, and so has its approach in most of the technical and scientific literature. Notwithstanding, its applications transcend the frontiers of ore treatment and include uses as diverse as plastics recycling using jigs [15,16], beneficiation of seeds [17], and bulk drug production [18]. In this sense, the present paper provides an up-to-date review of the fundamentals of gravity concentration within the context of urban mining applications, outlining some challenges and avenues for future developments.…”