Reversibility of endurance training‐induced changes on glucocorticoid sensitivity of monocytes by an acute exercise

Duclos, Martine; Minkhar, M.; Sarrieau, Alain; Bonnemaison, Dominique; Manier, G.; Mormède, Pierre

doi:10.1046/j.1365-2265.1999.00878.x

Cited by 32 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Lastly, differences in glucocorticoid sensitivity are probably not restricted to the pituitary, as we have recently demonstrated that in vitro sensitivity of monocytes to dexamethasone is reduced in ET compared with sedentary men (24). These modifications, within limits, may prove adaptive and protective against prolonged exercise-induced cortisol secretion.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Decreased pituitary sensitivity to glucocorticoids in endurance-trained men

Duclos

Corcuff

Péhourcq

et al. 2001

European Journal of Endocrinology

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Objective: Muscular exercise induces hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis activation and when regularly repeated, as in endurance training, leads to HPA axis adaptation. To assess whether nonprofessional endurance-trained (ET) men with a substantial training load and no clinical or biological features of HPA axis overactivity can present subtle alterations of HPA axis sensitivity to glucocorticoid negative feedback, nine ET men were subjected to HPA axis testing using the dexamethasone±corticotrophin-releasing hormone (CRH) test. Design: Nine endurance-trained men and eight healthy age-matched sedentary men were studied. Morning plasma cortisol and 24 h urinary free cortisol (UFC) were determined and a low dose dexamethasone suppression test (LDDST) was performed followed by CRH stimulation (dexamethasone±CRH test). Results: After a day without physical exercise, at 0800 h, plasma ACTH and cortisol concentrations, and the 24 h UFC and UFC/urinary creatinine (UC) ratio were similar in ET and sedentary men. By contrast, clear differences between the groups were seen in cortisol and ACTH responses to the dexamethasone±CRH test. In eight ET subjects, after LDDST, basal ACTH and cortisol levels were similar to those of sedentary men, whereas one ET subject displayed a poor suppression of cortisol level (131 nmol/l). After injection of CRH, however, three of nine ET men's cortisol levels were not suppressed by dexamethasone but instead displayed significant CRH-induced increase (peak cortisol: 88, 125 and 362 nmol/l). No sedentary subject exhibited any increase in cortisol levels. Conclusion: Three of nine ET men with a mean maximum rate of O 2 uptake (V O2, max ) of 61 ml/kg per min, running 50±70 km per week, were resistant to glucocorticoid suppression during the combined dexamethasone±CRH test.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Decreased pituitary sensitivity to glucocorticoids in endurance-trained men

Duclos

Corcuff

Péhourcq

et al. 2001

European Journal of Endocrinology

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“…The changes in scores on Social Stress (r ¼ 70.7; P 5 0.001) and Lack of Energy (r ¼ 70.65; P 5 0.01) were related to changes in the DHEA-S/ C ratio, and the changes in scores on Physical Complaints were related to changes in cortisol concentrations as a result of rapidly increased training load. During training, activation of the hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis represents a physiological response to the strain of muscle exercise explaining increased cortisol concentrations (Duclos et al, 1999). Changes in cortisol concentrations reflect the metabolic stress as the endpoint of the HPA ( Jü rimäe et al, 2002).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationships among training stress, mood and dehydroepiandrosterone sulphate/cortisol ratio in female cyclists

Bouget

Rouveix

Michaux

et al. 2006

Journal of Sports Sciences

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In this study, we examined the effect of rapidly increased training volume and intensity on hormonal responses (salivary cortisol [C] and urinary dehydroepiandrosterone sulphate [DHEA-S]) and recovery-stress state perceived by 12 female cyclists. Over the 4-day experimental period, there was an average increase in training load of approximately 122% compared with that during the previous 12 days. Scores on subscales of the Recovery Stress Questionnaire for Athletes increased for the somatic component of stress (Fatigue, Emotional Stress and Social Stress; P<0.05) and decreased the factor indicating recovery (General Well Being; P<0.05) after the heavy training period. The training programme increased resting concentrations of salivary cortisol (P<0.05) and decreased the DHEA-S/C ratio (P<0.05). The increase in training load of cyclists was correlated with this hormonal ratio (r=-0.48, P<0.05). Changes in resting cortisol concentration as a result of heavy training stress were positively related to the change in Physical Complaints (r=0.69, P<0.01). Negative relationships were also found between changes in the DHEA-S/C ratio and changes in the somatic component of stress. The present results suggest that there is a dose-response relationship between increased training load, resting DHEA-S/C ratio and subjective assessment of stress and recovery, implying that this ratio could be used as an indicator of training status in female athletes.

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“…For example, the HPA adaptation to normal training is characterised by increased ACTH/cortisol ratio only during exercise recovery (due to decreased pituitary sensitivity to cortisol) (Lehmann et al 1993b;Duclos et al 1997Duclos et al , 1998, and by modulation REVISION : Consensus Statement "Overtraining" (17-07-2012) 10 of tissue sensitivity to glucocorticoids (Duclos et al 1999(Duclos et al , 2003). However, it should be emphasized that during a resting day, in endurance-trained athletes 24 h cortisol secretion under non-exercising conditions is normal Duclos et al 1999Duclos et al , 2003. Accordingly, morning plasma cortisol concentration and 24 h urinary free cortisol (UFC) excretion in resting endurance-trained men are similar to those of age-matched sedentary subjects (Kern et al 1995;Duclos et al 1997;Gouarne et al 2005).…”

Section: Biochemistry and Hormones Biochemistrymentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevention, diagnosis and treatment of the overtraining syndrome: Joint consensus statement of the European College of Sport Science (ECSS) and the American College of Sports Medicine (ACSM)

Meeusen¹,

Duclos²,

Foster³

et al. 2012

European Journal of Sport Science

617

934

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Successful training must involve overload, but also must avoid the combination of excessive overload plus inadequate recovery. Athletes can experience short-term performance decrement, without severe psychological, or lasting other negative symptoms. This Functional Overreaching (FOR) will eventually lead to an improvement in performance after recovery. When athletes do not sufficiently respect the balance between training and recovery, Non-Functional Overreaching (NFOR) can occur. The distinction between NFOR and the Overtraining Syndrome (OTS) is very difficult and will depend on the clinical outcome and exclusion diagnosis. The athlete will often show the same clinical, hormonal and other signs and symptoms. A keyword in the recognition of OTS might be 'prolonged maladaptation' not only of the athlete, but also of several biological, neurochemical, and hormonal regulation mechanisms. It is generally thought that symptoms of OTS, such as fatigue, performance decline and mood disturbances, are more severe than those of NFOR. However, there is no scientific evidence to either confirmor refute this suggestion. One approach to understanding the aetiology of OTS involves the exclusion of organic diseases or infections and factors such as dietary caloric restriction (negative energy balance) and insufficient carbohydrate and/or protein intake, iron deficiency, magnesium deficiency, allergies, etc., together with identification of initiating events or triggers. In this paper, we provide the recent status of possible markers for the detection of OTS. Currently several markers (hormones, performance tests, psychological tests, biochemical and immune markers) are used, but none of them meets all criteria to make its use generally accepted.

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Reversibility of endurance training‐induced changes on glucocorticoid sensitivity of monocytes by an acute exercise

Abstract: We demonstrate in vitro plasticity of monocyte glucocorticoid sensitivity of endurance trained men, with training-induced decreased glucocorticoid sensitivity and acute exercise-induced return to the levels of the control untrained men.

Cited by 32 publications

References 26 publications

Decreased pituitary sensitivity to glucocorticoids in endurance-trained men

Decreased pituitary sensitivity to glucocorticoids in endurance-trained men

Relationships among training stress, mood and dehydroepiandrosterone sulphate/cortisol ratio in female cyclists

Prevention, diagnosis and treatment of the overtraining syndrome: Joint consensus statement of the European College of Sport Science (ECSS) and the American College of Sports Medicine (ACSM)

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