Reversibility of the Effects Caused by Fenugreek Seeds Aqueous (Fsa) Extract on the Estrous Cycle and Reproductive Hormones in the Rat Animal Model.

Abstract

Introduction:In evaluating the potential of fenugreek seeds aqueous (FSA) extract as a contraceptive, it is essential to assess the reversibility of its anti-fertility effects. Reversibility is defined as ability for an induced altered physiological state to return to the normal state.Objective: The aim of the present work was to evaluate the reversibility of changes in the oestrous cycle and levels of reproductive hormones in female rats following withdrawal treatment of FSA extract.Methodology: Twenty four mature Sprague Dawley female rats were randomly divided into three groups of 8 rats each. Group A was the control and given distilled water. Group B was treated with 500 mg/kg/day of FSA extract for 15 days. Group C was the reversibility group in which the female rats were also treated with 500 mg/kg/day FSA extract and further observed for 21 days for reversibility effects. Daily vaginal smear cytology was performed and blood samples were taken from all animals after 15 days. Results:The abnormal oestrous cycles following FSA treatment were gradually returned to normal within the 21 days of observation post treatment withdrawal. Administration of FSA extract led to a decrease in the serum concentration of estrogen (P<0.001), progesterone (P=0.021), FSH (P=0.416) and LH (P=0.381) while serum prolactin concentration was significantly increased (P<0.001). After 15 days of treatment withdrawal, serum estrogen, progesterone, FSH and LH concentration were not significantly different (P≥0.192) in compare to the control group. Conclusion:Withdrawal of FSA extract treatment restored the abnormal oestrous cycle and reproductive hormones to the normal state.