Reversible control of biofilm formation by <i>Cellulomonas</i> spp. in response to nitrogen availability

Young, Jenna; Leschine, Susan; Reguera, Gemma

doi:10.1111/j.1462-2920.2011.02596.x

Cited by 27 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 70 publications

(121 reference statements)

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“…Nevertheless, comparing the changes in the value profile of those 4 areal parameters, we see again a stimulating effect of NB medium. In a view of the findings that the production of both soluble and cell-associated cellulases is increased in response to low N availability, and N-limited biofilms bind strongly to cellulose surfaces [7,44], it should be pointed out that the NB medium, found as more stimulating, is a strong source of nitrogen.…”

Section: Biofilm Structurementioning

confidence: 99%

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Cell Surface Determinants Important for Biofilm-Based Solid Substrate Degradation

Dostálková¹,

Jirků²,

Procházková³

et al. 2013

JBNB

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The study links targeted cell surface characterization to the quantified capacity of cellulose degrading Pseudomonas fluorescens cells to colonize a (similarly characterized) cellulosic carrier. The experiments were conducted to clarify the effect of cultivation conditions on the achieved state of this carrier colonization. The suggested approach seems to be sufficient to verify the right choice of cultivation medium as a major factor determining the binding complementarity between microbial cells and solid cellulose.

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Section: Biofilm Structurementioning

confidence: 99%

“…In other words, the fact that some cellulolytic microorganisms can form cellulolytic biofilms [5][6][7] may be very useful for technological solubilization of some cellulosic wastes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cell Surface Determinants Important for Biofilm-Based Solid Substrate Degradation

Dostálková¹,

Jirků²,

Procházková³

et al. 2013

JBNB

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“…Clostriduium cellulovorans is capable of utilizing other carbon sources found in wood, such as xylan (hemicellulose) and pectin [87]; the cellulosomes of Clostridium cellulolyticum are known to facilitate bacterial adhesion onto solid substrates [85]; in nitrogen-limited environments, Cellulomonas spp. can utilize NH 4 + from solid cellulosic substrates for synthesis [88]. …”

Section: Process Microbiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of denitrifying wood chip bioreactors for management of residential non-point sources of nitrogen

et al. 2017

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Two important and large non-point sources of nitrogen in residential areas that adversely affect water quality are stormwater runoff and effluent from on-site treatment systems. These sources are challenging to control due to their variable flow rates and nitrogen concentrations. Denitrifying bioreactors that employ a lignocellulosic wood chip medium contained within a saturated (anoxic) zone are relatively new technology that can be implemented at the local level to manage residential non-point nitrogen sources. In these systems, wood chips serve as a microbial biofilm support and provide a constant source of organic substrate required for denitrification. Denitrifying wood chip bioreactors for stormwater management include biofilters and bioretention systems modified to include an internal water storage zone; for on-site wastewater, they include upflow packed bed reactors, permeable reactive barriers, and submerged wetlands. Laboratory studies have shown that these bioreactors can achieve nitrate removal efficiencies as high as 80–100% but could provide more fundamental insight into system design and performance. For example, the type and size of the wood chips, hydraulic loading rate, and dormant period between water applications affects the hydrolysis rate of the lignocellulosic substrate, which in turn affects the amount and bioavailability of dissolved organic carbon for denitrification. Additional field studies can provide a better understanding of the effect of varying environmental conditions such as ambient temperature, precipitation rates, household water use rates, and idle periods on nitrogen removal performance. Long-term studies are also essential for understanding operations and maintenance requirements and validating mathematical models that integrate the complex physical, chemical, and biological processes occurring in these systems. Better modeling tools could assist in optimizing denitrifying wood chip bioreactors to meet nutrient reduction goals in urban and suburban watersheds.

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“…Cellulolytic bacteria, such as C. phytofermentans, are known to adhere to their cellulosic substrates (23,(27)(28)(29), and many species form biofilms on this nutritive surface (26,(30)(31)(32)(33). However, differentiating cellulolytic microbial cells from their insoluble growth substrates, enumerating cells, and quantifying cell population growth are major challenges as detailed by Lynd et al (21).…”

Section: Visualization Of C Phytofermentans Cells Growing On Insolublementioning

confidence: 99%

Direct Image-Based Enumeration of Clostridium phytofermentans Cells on Insoluble Plant Biomass Growth Substrates

Alvelo-Maurosa

Lee

Hazen

et al. 2016

Appl Environ Microbiol

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A dual-fluorescent-dye protocol to visualize and quantify Clostridium phytofermentans ISDg (ATCC 700394) cells growing on insoluble cellulosic substrates was developed by combining calcofluor white staining of the growth substrate with cell staining using the nucleic acid dye Syto 9. Cell growth, cell substrate attachment, and fermentation product formation were investigated in cultures containing either Whatman no. 1 filter paper, wild-type Sorghum bicolor, or a reduced-lignin S. bicolor double mutant (bmr-6 bmr-12 double mutant) as the growth substrate. After 3 days of growth, cell numbers in cultures grown on filter paper as the substrate were 6.0-and 2.2-fold higher than cell numbers in cultures with wild-type sorghum and double mutant sorghum, respectively. However, cells produced more ethanol per cell when grown with either sorghum substrate than with filter paper as the substrate. Ethanol yields of cultures were significantly higher with double mutant sorghum than with wild-type sorghum or filter paper as the substrate. Moreover, ethanol production correlated with cell attachment in sorghum cultures: 90% of cells were directly attached to the double mutant sorghum substrate, while only 76% of cells were attached to wild-type sorghum substrate. With filter paper as the growth substrate, ethanol production was correlated with cell number; however, with either wild-type or mutant sorghum, ethanol production did not correlate with cell number, suggesting that only a portion of the microbial cell population was active during growth on sorghum. The dual-staining procedure described here may be used to visualize and enumerate cells directly on insoluble cellulosic substrates, enabling in-depth studies of interactions of microbes with plant biomass. Microbial decomposition of plant biomass is central to nutrient cycling in numerous varied environments, and this process plays a key role in the cycling of carbon on the planet. In terrestrial environments, carbon storage occurs primarily in forests where soils are estimated to store 1,200 gigatons of carbon, approximately two thirds more carbon than found in the atmosphere (1). A major thrust of terrestrial microbial ecology is centered on understanding the composition and function of microbial communities in order to assess their influence on carbon cycling (2). In anoxic environments rich in decaying plant material, diverse communities of interacting microbes are responsible for the degradation of cellulose, complex polysaccharides, and other abundantly produced plant cell wall components. Given that most of these substrates are insoluble, microbial decomposition of plant biomass occurs extracellularly, and breakdown products may become available to other community members, forming a basis for multifarious interactions that occur in these environments (3).Anoxic decomposition of plant biomass is tied to health and nutrition in animals by way of gastrointestinal tract microbial communities. Most animals lack the enzymatic capacity required to digest cellulose and m...

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Reversible control of biofilm formation by Cellulomonas spp. in response to nitrogen availability

Cited by 27 publications

References 70 publications

Cell Surface Determinants Important for Biofilm-Based Solid Substrate Degradation

Cell Surface Determinants Important for Biofilm-Based Solid Substrate Degradation

Application of denitrifying wood chip bioreactors for management of residential non-point sources of nitrogen

Direct Image-Based Enumeration of Clostridium phytofermentans Cells on Insoluble Plant Biomass Growth Substrates

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