Reversible effects of anabolic steroid abuse on cyto-architectures of the heart, kidneys and testis in adult male mice

Kahal, Aida; Allem, Rachida

doi:10.1016/j.biopha.2018.07.038

Cited by 22 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Several studies highlighted that prolonged androgen exposure has a direct toxic effect on kidneys, especially glomerular cells, causing the accumulation of mesangial matrix, podocyte depletion and structural adaptations [ 118 , 119 ]. In this regard, kidney tissues are characterized by the expression of ARs.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nandrolone Decanoate: Use, Abuse and Side Effects

et al. 2020

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Background and Objectives: Androgens play a significant role in the development of male reproductive organs. The clinical use of synthetic testosterone derivatives, such as nandrolone, is focused on maximizing the anabolic effects and minimizing the androgenic ones. Class II anabolic androgenic steroids (AAS), including nandrolone, are rapidly becoming a widespread group of drugs used both clinically and illicitly. The illicit use of AAS is diffused among adolescent and bodybuilders because of their anabolic proprieties and their capacity to increase tolerance to exercise. This systematic review aims to focus on side effects related to illicit AAS abuse, evaluating the scientific literature in order to underline the most frequent side effects on AAS abusers’ bodies. Materials and Methods: A systematic review of the scientific literature was performed using the PubMed database and the keywords “nandrolone decanoate”. The inclusion criteria for articles or abstracts were English language and the presence of the following words: “abuse” or “adverse effects”. After applying the exclusion and inclusion criteria, from a total of 766 articles, only 148 were considered eligible for the study. Results: The most reported adverse effects (found in more than 5% of the studies) were endocrine effects (18 studies, 42%), such as virilization, gynecomastia, hormonal disorders, dyslipidemia, genital alterations, and infertility; cardiovascular dysfunctions (six studies, 14%) such as vascular damage, coagulation disorders, and arteriosus hypertension; skin disorders (five studies, 12%) such as pricking, acne, and skin spots; psychiatric and mood disorders (four studies, 9%) such as aggressiveness, sleep disorders and anxiety; musculoskeletal disorders (two studies, 5%), excretory disorders (two studies, 5%), and gastrointestinal disorders (two studies, 5%). Conclusions: Based on the result of our study, the most common adverse effects secondary to the abuse of nandrolone decanoate (ND) involve the endocrine, cardiovascular, skin, and psychiatric systems. These data could prove useful to healthcare professionals in both sports and clinical settings.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nandrolone Decanoate: Use, Abuse and Side Effects

et al. 2020

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“…Several studies highlighted that prolonged androgen exposure has a direct toxic effect on kidneys, especially glomerular cells, causing accumulation of mesangial matrix, podocyte depletion and structural adaptations [26,[87][88][89]. In this regard, kidney tissues are characterized by the expression of ARs.…”

Section: Urinary Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Animal histological studies of testes demonstrated spermatogenesis impairment with lack of advanced spermatidis and decreased number of spermatidis due to AAS use [5,88]. An impairment of the blood-testis-barrier was also observed in CD1 mice treated with ND, which may play a role in triggering the spermatogenesis alteration [103].…”

Section: Reproductive Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adverse Effects of Anabolic-Androgenic Steroids: A Literature Review

et al. 2021

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Anabolic-androgenic steroids (AASs) are a large group of molecules including endogenously produced androgens, such as testosterone, as well as synthetically manufactured derivatives. AAS use is widespread due to their ability to improve muscle growth for aesthetic purposes and athletes’ performance, minimizing androgenic effects. AAS use is very popular and 1–3% of US inhabitants have been estimated to be AAS users. However, AASs have side effects, involving all organs, tissues and body functions, especially long-term toxicity involving the cardiovascular system and the reproductive system, thereby, their abuse is considered a public health issue. The aim of the proposed review is to highlight the most recent evidence regarding the mechanisms of action of AASs and their unwanted effects on organs and lifestyle, as well as suggesting that AAS misuse and abuse lead to adverse effects in all body tissues and organs. Oxidative stress, apoptosis, and protein synthesis alteration are common mechanisms involved in AAS-related damage in the whole body. The cardiovascular system and the reproductive system are the most frequently involved apparatuses. Epidemiology as well as the molecular and pathological mechanisms involved in the neuropsychiatric side-effects of AAS abuse are still unclear, further research is needed in this field. In addition, diagnostically reliable tests for AAS abuse should be standardized. In this regard, to prevent the use of AASs, public health measures in all settings are crucial. These measures consist of improved knowledge among healthcare workers, proper doping screening tests, educational interventions, and updated legislation.

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“…However, congestion has been an almost fixed finding in this group regarding both glomerular capillaries and interstitial blood vessels. Similarly, Kahal and Allem, 2018 reported congestion of renal blood vessels and interstitial hemorrhage following AAS abuse in adult male mice and added that it persisted and even worsened after stopping treatment [24] . This frequent finding could be attributed to the reported AAS induced cardiotoxicity where Vasilaki et al, 2016 further clarified that long-term administration of ND led to marked impairment of the global myocardial function indices, affecting mainly the diastolic function [25] .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Effects of Anabolic Steroids on the Histological Structure of Renal Cortex of Adult Male Albino Rats and the Possible Protective Role of Taurine

Isaac

2019

Egyptian Journal of Histology

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Introduction: Misuse of anabolic androgenic steroids (AAS) has become a widespread health problem with subsequent multisystem adverse effects. However, among their adverse effects, renal toxicity remains one of the least discussed. Aim of work: To study the histopathological effects of Nandrolone Decanoate (ND) abuse on renal cortex and examine the possible protective role of taurine. Materials and methods: Thirty-six adult male albino rats, aging 4-6 months and weighing 200-250 gms, were used in this study. Animals were divided equally into three groups; Group I (control group): subdivided into Subgroup IA: negative control and Subgroup IB: rats received intramuscular 0.5ml sesame oil twice weekly for six weeks and Subgroup IC: received 100 mg/kg/day Taurine by gavage, for six weeks. Group II (ND Group): received intramuscular 5 mg/kg ND, dissolved in sesame oil, twice weekly for six weeks. Group III (Taurine and ND Group): given both Taurine and ND in the same dose and duration as subgroup IC and group II respectively. At the end of the experiment, venous blood samples were collected from the tail vein for biochemical assays. Kidneys were dissected out and processed for light and electron microscopic examination. Results: Examination of group II revealed marked congestion, obliteration of Bowman's space and lumina of both proximal and distal tubules. Ultrastructural distortion was evident in glomerular filtration barrier and tubular lining cells. Statistically significant biochemical changes were also observed. However, group III showed almost preserved glomerular and tubular architecture with few persistent changes. Biochemical results also revealed marked improvement. Conclusion: Marked renal cortical affection with renal functional deterioration were noted following ND. Taurine exerted marked reno-protection thus, it would be also of great help to protect AAS users against possible renal hazards in case their AAS use was inevitable.

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Reversible effects of anabolic steroid abuse on cyto-architectures of the heart, kidneys and testis in adult male mice

Cited by 22 publications

References 27 publications

Nandrolone Decanoate: Use, Abuse and Side Effects

Nandrolone Decanoate: Use, Abuse and Side Effects

Adverse Effects of Anabolic-Androgenic Steroids: A Literature Review

Effects of Anabolic Steroids on the Histological Structure of Renal Cortex of Adult Male Albino Rats and the Possible Protective Role of Taurine

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