Reversible electroporation study of realistic normal and cancerous cervical cells model using avalanche transistor-based nano pulse generator

Abstract

In this paper, we study the reversible electroporation process on the normal and cancerous cervical cell.The 2D contour of the cervical cells is extracted using image processing techniques from the Pap smear image. The conductivity change in the cancer cell model has been used to differentiate the effects of the high-frequency electric field on normal and cancerous cells. The cells modulate themselves when this high-frequency pulse is applied based on the Debye relaxation relation. In order to computationally visualize the effects of the electroporation on the cell membrane Smoluchowski equation calculates the number of pores generated and Maxwell equations are used to determine the Transmembrane potential generated on the membrane of the cervical cell. The results produced demonstrates that this mathematical model perfectly describes the numerical tool to study the normal cells and cancerous cells under the electric field. The electric field is provided with the help of a realistic pulse generator which is designed on the principle of Marx circuit and avalanche transistor-based operations to produce a Gaussian pulse. The paper here use strength duration curve to differentiate the electric field and time in nanoseconds required to electroporate normal and cancerous cells.

A microdosimetry analysis of reversible electroporation in scattered, overlapping, and cancerous cervical cells

“…This work begins by extracting the scattered, overlapping, and isolated contours from the EDF images of the cervical cells with image processing tools such as GMM, MSER, and joint-level set optimization. In our earlier work, we worked on single cervical cells and successfully extracted the contour [28]. The cells extracted for electroporation study have been reported in which scattered, isolated, and sparse neuroblastoma cells have been extracted successfully and electroporation multi-physics has been analyzed [16].…”

“…These results indicate a feasible mechanism that employs reversible electroporation for modulating dye uptake in cells. The experimental schematic employs a low-cost and simple nano-pulse generator, that has already been proposed [28]. We have been able to introduce a microdosimetry model in which a reversible electroporation study under a nanosecond pulse for the realistic contour of isolated, overlapping and scattered cervical cells was done and introduction of mathematical dye delivery equation into the simulation work.…”

“…Natural extension of this work points to model-driven approach microdosimetry study for 3D cervical normal and cancerous cells by image domain volumetric extraction of overlapping isolated cells. Towards this end, a low-cost simple nano-pulse generator has already been proposed 18 .…”

“…A realistic numerical model of single 2D cervical cells has been proposed in which nanosecond electrical pulses produced by a Marx generator were applied. Numerical simulation reveal that the cells achieved the threshold TMV and pore density 18 .…”

“…Twenty-five Gaussian pulses were applied for 70ns and 25KV/cm electric field strength to electroporation in cervical cancer cells [27]. In our earlier work, a realistic numerical model of single 2D cervical cells has been proposed in which nanosecond electrical pulses produced by a Marx generator were applied [28].…”