For
systemic delivery of small interfering RNA (siRNA) to solid
tumors, the carrier must circulate avoiding premature degradation,
extravasate and penetrate tumors, enter target cells, traffic to the
intracellular destination, and release siRNA for gene silencing. However,
existing siRNA carriers, which typically exhibit positive charges,
fall short of these requirements by a large margin; thus, systemic
delivery of siRNA to tumors remains a significant challenge. To overcome
the limitations of existing approaches, we have developed a carrier
of siRNA, called “Nanosac”, a noncationic soft polyphenol
nanocapsule. A siRNA-loaded Nanosac is produced by sequential coating
of mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs) with siRNA and polydopamine,
followed by removal of the sacrificial MSN core. The Nanosac recruits
serum albumin, co-opts caveolae-mediated endocytosis to enter tumor
cells, and efficiently silences target genes. The softness of Nanosac
improves extravasation and penetration into tumors compared to its
hard counterpart. As a carrier of siRNA targeting PD-L1, Nanosac induces
a significant attenuation of CT26 tumor growth by immune checkpoint
blockade. These results support the utility of Nanosac in the systemic
delivery of siRNA for solid tumor therapy.