Reversible Image Watermarking for Health Informatics Systems Using Distortion Compensation in Wavelet Domain

Abstract

Reversible image watermarking guaranties restoration of both original cover and watermark logo from the watermarked image. Capacity and distortion of the image under reversible watermarking are two important parameters. In this study a reversible watermarking is investigated with focusing on increasing the embedding capacity and reducing the distortion in medical images. Integer wavelet transform is used for embedding where in each iteration, one watermark bit is embedded in one transform coefficient. We devise a novel approach that when a coefficient is modified in an iteration, the produced distortion is compensated in the next iteration. This distortion compensation method would result in low distortion rate. The proposed method is tested on four types of medical images including MRI of brain, cardiac MRI, MRI of breast, and intestinal polyp images. Using a one-level wavelet transform, maximum capacity of 1.5 BPP is obtained. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method is superior to the state-of-the-art works in terms of capacity and distortion.. and patient privacies are kept. Reversible image watermarking can be considered as an essential part of health information system (HIS).

A robust watermarking approach against high‐density salt and pepper noise (RWSPN) to enhance medical image security

“…The results of applying this method to medical image databases in the presence of some conventional and geometric attacks show the highest PSNR as well as structural similarity (SSIM). The study [21] presents a reversible watermarking method using integer wavelet transform (IWT) in each iteration for embedding one watermark bit in one transform coefficient. The low distortion rate is achieved by the distortion compensation method.…”

“…On the contrary, spatial domain methods have higher capacity and less robustness against attacks. This research studied transform domain watermarking at the [8, 10–12, 14–16, 21–23, 24, 27, 28], which contains DWT, IWT, SVD, DCT, and some combinations of them with other intelligent and heuristic methods. The downsides of these methods are low embedding capacity and less robustness against salt and pepper noise (especially for high‐density).…”

Reversible fingerprinting for genomic information

“…One approach to mitigate this issue, further than just constraining the magnitude of the modification, is to ensure that the modification as a whole is reversible. This is done for example in [16], where two images are merged together, and both are recoverable. The host signal is an image to which a logo is associated, without notably altering the original image.…”

Wavelet based Reversible Image Watermarking with Logistic Encryption for Health Informatics Systems

“…By means of a convert purview grounded reversible image watermarking, the distinct wavelet convert is expansively employed in latest revisions. Pixels remain transformed in the custom of numeral standards towards the variable topic 1 in distinct wavelet convert [11]. Conservation of unusual numeral significance cannot be assured owed towards altering the constant standards in implanting stage in the custom of shortening.…”