Reversible myocardial dysfunction in a dog after resuscitation from cardiopulmonary arrest

Magagnoli, Ilaria; Romito, Giovanni; Troìa, Roberta; Murgia, E; Giunti, Massimo

doi:10.1016/j.jvc.2020.12.002

Cited by 6 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Therefore, in future studies, we will consider using rats with underlying diseases (such as atherosclerosis and hypertension) to build the cardiac arrest model and better study the specific pathological mechanisms and related prevention strategies of cardiac arrest. Finally, the blood of clinical CA/CPR patients should be used for clinical transformation verification (33,34).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inhibition of Nitrosative Stress Attenuates Myocardial Injury and Improves Outcomes after Cardiac Arrest and Resuscitation

Wang

Yuan

Cao

et al. 2022

Shock

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Objectives:Nitrosative stress is widely involved in cell injury via inducing the nitration modification of a variety of proteins. This study aimed to investigate whether inhibition of nitrosative stress attenuated myocardial injury and improved outcomes in a rat model of cardiac arrest (CA) and cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR).Methods:Adult male Wistar rats were subjected to asphyxia-induced cardiac arrest and subsequently resuscitation. One minute after return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC), rats were randomized and administered the nitrosative stress inhibitor, FeTMPyP (1 or 3 mg/kg), or normal saline as a placebo. 3-Nitrotyrosine (3-NT), mean arterial pressure (MAP), heart rate (HR), mortality, electrocardiogram (ECG), left ventricular ejection fraction (EF) and fractional shortening (FS), and levels of myocardial apoptosis were evaluated. The concentrations of lactate, creatine kinase MB isoenzyme (CK-MB), and angiotensin II (Ang II), were measured in blood samples.Results:3-NT level was significantly increased in the heart after ROSC. Administration of FeTMPyP (1 or 3 mg/kg) attenuated the increase of 3-NT in the myocardium. Inhibition of nitrosative stress improved survival and attenuated CA/CPR-induced reperfusion injury by maintaining the stability of MAP and HR, and reducing the accumulation of lactic acid. Post-cardiac arrest rats had higher serum CK-MB and Ang II than healthy rats, while EF and FS were lower in healthy rats. Inhibition of nitrosative stress not only alleviated ischemic heart injury but also reduced the occurrence of CA/CPR-induced of arrhythmias. Moreover, nitrosative stress mediated the upregulation of Cleaved caspase-3 and downregulation Bcl-2, which was abolished by FeTMPyP.Conclusions:Inhibition of nitrosative stress is a novel molecular target to alleviate myocardial injury and improve outcomes in a rat model of CA/CPR.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inhibition of Nitrosative Stress Attenuates Myocardial Injury and Improves Outcomes after Cardiac Arrest and Resuscitation

Wang

Yuan

Cao

et al. 2022

Shock

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“…This report describes a COVID-19-positive dog with MI and LV systolic dysfunction. Left ventricular systolic dysfunction was suspected as a possible consequence of MI since the breed was not typical for primary DCM and the dog’s history made other secondary causes of a DCM phenotype—namely nutritional and drug-induced myocardial dysfunction, hypothyroidism, tachycardia-induced cardiomyopathy and post-resuscitation myocardial dysfunction [ 31 , 32 , 33 ]—unlikely.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In dogs, the term MI is conventionally used for subjects in which at least one cardiac troponin concentration, especially cTnI, is above the upper reference limit [ 26 , 27 ]. Both infectious and non-infectious diseases can cause MI in this species [ 25 , 26 , 32 , 33 , 34 ]. Among infectious triggers, bacteria (e.g., Bartonella spp., B. burgdorferi and E. canis ) and parasites (e.g., L. infantum and D. immitis , T. gondii ) represent oft-cited causes of canine MI, especially in adult dogs, whereas viruses seem to trigger MI more commonly in puppies (e.g., canine parvovirus and canine distemper virus) [ 26 , 34 , 35 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Myocardial Injury Complicated by Systolic Dysfunction in a COVID-19-Positive Dog

Romito

Bertaglia²,

Bertaglia³

et al. 2021

Animals

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A six-year-old Cavalier King Charles spaniel was referred with a two-month history of severe exercise intolerance and syncope. Clinical signs had developed during a local wave of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) two weeks after its family members had manifested symptoms of this viral disease and their positivity to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) was confirmed. Cardiologic assessment documented myocardial injury complicated by systolic dysfunction. An extensive diagnostic work-up allowed us to rule out common causes of myocardial compromise, both infective and not. Accordingly, serological and molecular tests aimed at diagnosing SARS-CoV-2 infection were subsequently performed, especially in light of the dog’s peculiar history. Results of such tests, interpreted in the light of previous findings and current knowledge from human medicine, supported a presumptive diagnosis of COVID-19-associated myocardial injury, a clinical entity hitherto poorly described in this species.

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“…DCM is typically described as a hereditary or familial disease in breeds such as Dobermann Pinschers, Great Danes, and Irish Wolfhounds [ 1 , 2 , 3 ]. However, this disease can also be a consequence of chronic tachycardia, leading to cardiomyopathy, myocarditis, toxicity (e.g., doxorubicin), endocrine diseases (e.g., hypothyroidism), nutrient deficiency (e.g., taurine and carnitine), the end-stage form of other heart diseases (e.g., severe subaortic stenosis with afterload mismatch), post-resuscitation myocardial dysfunction, rare genetic/familiar disorders (e.g., endocardial fibroelastosis and Duchenne dystrophy), and systemic inflammatory response syndrome/sepsis [ 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 ]. Three stages of DCM can be characterized: the “occult” stage, during which the abnormalities are limited at the histological level and a careful cardiological examination may not diagnose it; the “preclinical” stage, during which the dog is asymptomatic, but a careful cardiological examination (echocardiogram and/or Holter ECG) can detect it; and the “overt” stage, where the clinical signs may include dyspnea, tachypnea, syncope, exercise intolerance, and cough [ 16 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preliminary Data on Echocardiographic Evaluation and Serum Taurine Concentration in Healthy Dogs of Two Breeds (10 Golden Retrievers and 12 German Shorthaired Pointers) with Different Predispositions to Nutritional Dilated Cardiomyopathy: A Pilot Study

Bagardi

Ghilardi

Castellazzi

et al. 2022

Animals

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Dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) is the most common myocardial disorder in dogs, and it is primarily considered to be an inherited or genetic disease with a higher prevalence in specific breeds such as Doberman Pinschers and Great Danes. Recently, several publications have reported concerns about cases of DCM in unusual breeds (Golden Retrievers—GRs) and associated them with specific diets (grain-free, high in pulses or potatoes, or low in taurine and amino acid precursors). Because taurine is involved in the digestion and absorption of fat and liposoluble vitamins, including vitamin D, the aims of this pilot study were: (1) to compare serum taurine and serum vitamin D (both implicated in cardiac function and absorbed from food) between healthy GRs and German Shorthaired Pointers (GSPs), breeds with different predispositions to nutritional DCM; (2) to highlight the differences between the echocardiographic variables in the two breeds; and (3) to evaluate the associations between the serum taurine and vitamin D concentrations and the echocardiographic features. Ten Golden Retrievers and twelve German Shorthaired Pointers were enrolled for complete hematobiochemical analyses, cardiac examinations, and serum taurine and vitamin D evaluations. The serum taurine concentrations were significantly lower in the GR dogs than in GSPs. All GRs were clinically healthy, but some echocardiographic variables, such as the sphericity index (related to left ventricle dilatation) as well as the end-systolic volume index and fractional shortening (both related to left ventricle systolic function), were different from the published reference ranges.

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Reversible myocardial dysfunction in a dog after resuscitation from cardiopulmonary arrest

Cited by 6 publications

References 20 publications

Inhibition of Nitrosative Stress Attenuates Myocardial Injury and Improves Outcomes after Cardiac Arrest and Resuscitation

Inhibition of Nitrosative Stress Attenuates Myocardial Injury and Improves Outcomes after Cardiac Arrest and Resuscitation

Myocardial Injury Complicated by Systolic Dysfunction in a COVID-19-Positive Dog

Preliminary Data on Echocardiographic Evaluation and Serum Taurine Concentration in Healthy Dogs of Two Breeds (10 Golden Retrievers and 12 German Shorthaired Pointers) with Different Predispositions to Nutritional Dilated Cardiomyopathy: A Pilot Study

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